Antibacterial drugs and prevention of infection: a vital defence against health
The World of Antibacterial Drugs
Antibacterial drugs are a powerful weapon in modern medicine against infection, and they are of a wide variety, complex and varied nature.
In terms of chemical structure and type, antibacterials include β-nimamines, such as head bacterium. From the first to the fifth generation, each generation has its own unique antibacterial spectrum and clinical application. The first generation of enzymes has a high level of antibacterial activity, which is often used to treat skin soft tissue infections, etc. As algebras increase, the resistance to gebracin, for example, the fifth generation of sepsis, has a better antibacterial effect on resistant strains such as methoxysilin yellow grapes (MRSA).
Large rim ester antibacterials are also a common category, such as erythrocin, achicin, etc. They are resistant to atypical pathogens such as gland positives, some gland vaginal bacteria, and chlamydia and chlamydia. Achicillin has a long half-life and a long in-body life, which can be used to treat respiratory infections, especially diseases such as pneumonia in children.
There are also four cyclohexes, in addition to traditional cyclohexes, Dossi cyclohex, Minocrin, etc. Such drugs inhibit a wide range of bacteria, rickets, chlamydia, spirals, etc. Dossi cycline has some application in the treatment of haemorrhoids, Lyme disease, etc. However, the long-term use of tetracyclic drugs may lead to adverse effects such as tooth coloring, which requires special care among children.
Antibacterial drugs have a wealth of targets and mechanisms. For example, β-neamide is a form of inhibition of cell wall synthesis by combining penicillin with a bacterial cell wall, resulting in the death of bacteria due to cell wall failure. And fluorophenone-type drugs are the inhibition of bacteria’ DNA, the revolving enzymes, and the expansion of isomerase IV, which hinders the reproduction of bacteria’ DNA and thus acts as antibacterials.
However, the problem of irrational use of anti-bacterial drugs is increasing. Overuse and abuse have led to the proliferation of drug-resistant bacteria. For example, the emergence of carbon-cyanic coliformic bacteria (CRE) poses a major challenge to clinical treatment, leading to the loss of functioning carbon-cyanoloxin antibacterial drugs and a marked increase in the mortality rate of patients infected with such resistant bacteria. At the same time, the unreasonable use of anti-bacterial drugs can also cause intestinal herbology disorders, which can lead to diarrhoeal diseases, and hard-to-reach infections.
Comprehensive measures to prevent infection
I. Good habits
Regularity is an important factor in increasing physical resistance. Adequate sleep is guaranteed on a daily basis and the body’s immune system is adequately rested and restored. The lack of sleep affects the functioning of the T-cells in the immune system and reduces the body’s ability to confront pathogens. Adults generally need 7-8 hours of sleep, while children and adolescents need more.
A reasonable diet is also essential. More vitamin-rich fresh fruit and vegetables, vitamin C and vitamin D, among others, play an important role in immunization regulation. For example, oranges, lemons, etc., are vitamin C-rich and contribute to the activity of white cells. Appropriate intake of proteins, including skinny meat, fish, beans, etc., are important ingredients for immuno-related substances such as antibodies. At the same time, there is a need to reduce the ingestion of high sugar, high salt and high fat foods, which can lead to obesity and increase the risk of infection.
Environmental health maintenance
In the family environment, indoor air flows are maintained. Regular daily window ventilation, especially during the flu season or when there are more indoor staff. Ventilation reduces the concentration of indoor pathogens and reduces the likelihood of infection. For indoor dust, it is regularly cleaned because it may carry bacteria, fungi, etc. A wet cloth can be used to wipe the surface of the furniture in order to avoid a rise in dust.
The health of the public environment cannot be ignored. In public places, such as hospitals, schools, shops, etc., sterilization is carried out on a regular basis. The hospital wards, operating theatres and other priority areas have strict sterilization rules to prevent hospital infections. Schools need to pay attention to the cleaning and ventilation of classrooms and reduce the spread of infectious diseases among students. Where there is a high flow of people from the mall, air quality can be improved through air purification systems, etc.
Avoiding exposure to sources of infection
During the epidemic, access to densely populated places, such as large gatherings, concerts, etc., is minimized. If you have to go, wear a mask. The mask can be effective in preventing the transducer pathogen, and different types of masks have different protective effects, such as medical surgical masks that can block most of the smog, and N95 masks that are more efficient in filtration of non-oily particulate matter and are more protective in high-risk environments.
For known infectious disease patients, appropriate distance should be maintained to avoid contact with items they have used. For example, around flu patients, influenza viruses may be present on the surface of objects that the patient has been exposed to, and when a healthy person is exposed, he or she is vulnerable to infection if he or she touches his or her nose or mouth.
IV. Importance of vaccination
Vaccines are a specific means of preventing infection. Vaccination can result in human immunity for specific pathogens. For example, influenza vaccines can effectively reduce the incidence and severity of influenza, especially for those at high risk, such as the elderly, children and chronic diseases. The widespread vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine has significantly reduced the infection rate of hepatitis B and prevented serious diseases associated with hepatitis B, such as cirrhosis and liver cancer. There is also a pneumonia vaccine that can reduce the incidence of pneumonia caused by, for example, streptococcus.
In short, we need both a proper understanding and rational use of anti-bacterial drugs and a multifaceted approach to infection prevention in order to better safeguard our health and address the challenges posed by infection.
