Antibacterial drugs are one of the types of antibacterial or antibacterial drugs that play a vital role in the medical field, particularly in the fight against bacterial infections. Such drugs are used through various mechanisms to suppress or eliminate bacteria, thus preventing and treating infectious diseases caused by bacteria. The following is a detailed description of anti-bacterial drugs, including their classification, functioning mechanisms, use principles and care, while avoiding reference to specific drug product names.
Classification of antibacterial drugs
Antibacterial drugs are a large category of drugs, which can usually be divided into subcategories depending on their chemical structure, characteristics of their effects and uses. The main categories include:
Antibiotics: This is the most common type of antibacterial drug, some of the products produced by micro-organisms such as bacteria, wired bacteria and fungi, or the same or similar substances manufactured using chemical semi-synthesis. They suppress or destroy bacteria through different mechanisms.
Artificial antibacterial drugs: These are fully synthesized through chemical methods, including sulfamide, quinone, etc. They are also fungicide or antibacterial activity and, in some respects, may have a wider antibacterial spectrum or less side effects.
Anti-foul medicine: Although mainly classified as part of an anti-bacterial drug, anti-bacterial drugs are specific to fungal infections. Their mechanisms of action differ from those of antibacterial drugs, but they also function as therapeutics by inhibiting or killing fungi.
Anti-tuberculosis drugs: This is a special type of anti-bacterial drug used to treat tuberculosis. Because of the special nature of the nodule branch bacterium, anti-tuberculosis drugs usually require joint use and longer treatment.
II. Mechanisms for the functioning of anti-bacterial drugs
Antibacterial drugs play a variety of roles, including the following:
Inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls: Many antibacterial drugs, such as certain penicillin and precipitin antibiotics, are combined with penicillin to inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, resulting in bacterium cell swelling and death.
Changes in the permeability of the cytomaphragms: A number of antibacterial drugs, such as polypyrenics, can be combined with phosphorus in the bacterial mammoth, destroy the mammoth, alter its permeability, lead to material leakage within the bacteria, and eventually to bacterial death.
Inhibiting the synthesis of proteins: Some antibacterials, such as chlorocin and ricin, can inhibit the synthesis of bacterial proteins without affecting the functioning of human cells.
Effects on nucleic acid and folic acid metabolism: Bacteria cannot use folic acid in the environment and must synthesize themselves. Some antibacterial drugs can affect the synthesis of bacterial DNA and folic acid, thus inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria.
Principles for the use of anti-bacterial drugs
In order to rationalize the use of antibacterial drugs and to avoid the creation of resistance and the occurrence of adverse reactions to drugs, the following principles should be observed:
Strict control of adaptive disorders: anti-bacterial drugs should be used only when bacterial infections are clearly present. In case of availability, use should be avoided.
Following the principles of narrow to broad, low to high: In the selection of anti-bacterial drugs, priority should be given to narrow-spectrum, low-level drugs, using broad-spectrum, high-level drugs only when necessary.
Drug-based: Antibacterial drugs can be used empirically when pathogen and drug-sensitive conditions are unknown. However, once the results of the drug sensitivity test are available, antibacterial drugs should be selected on the basis of the drug sensitivity test.
Select the appropriate route of use: The appropriate route of use, such as oral, muscle or intravenous dripping, should be based on the patient ‘ s specific circumstances and the characteristics of the drug.
(c) Timely medication: The patient should take the medication strictly in accordance with the doctor ‘ s prescription, and do not stop or change the dosage.
Timely Detoxification: The use of antibacterial drugs should be stopped in time to avoid unnecessary drug exposure and resistance when the condition is controlled, body temperature is normal and major symptoms disappear.
IV. NOTES
The use of anti-bacterial drugs by older persons, infants and children should be prudent: Since the liver and kidney functions of these groups may be weak or incompletely developed, and their resistance to drugs is reduced, special care should be taken in the use of anti-bacterial drugs.
Avoiding the external use of antibacterial drugs: especially penicillin, sepsis, and amino-cluene antibacterials, which can lead to allergy or resistance.
Diseases with viral infections do not use antibacterial drugs: antibacterial drugs do not work with viral infections and should therefore not be used for the treatment of viral infections.
In conclusion, antibacterial drugs play an irreplaceable role in the medical field, but rational use of antibacterial drugs is essential to the health of patients, to reduce adverse drug responses and to avoid the creation of resistance. Therefore, in the use of anti-bacterial drugs, the above principles and care should be strictly followed to ensure their efficacy and safety.
