The epidemiological characteristics of breast cancer can be summarized in the following ways:
I. Global morbidity
Incidence: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in women, and its incidence is among the highest in the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the number of new cases of breast cancer is high and the incidence of breast cancer continues to increase globally.
Mortality: The mortality rate for breast cancer is also relatively high, but has decreased in recent years with the improvement of medical technology and the introduction of early screening for breast cancer.
II. Epidemics in China
Incidence: The incidence of breast cancer in China is about 16 per cent of women patients, and it is the first case of malignant neoplasm in women. Moreover, the incidence of breast cancer among women in China has four characteristics, including younger patients, higher rates of late diagnosis, higher rates of invasive sub-types and differences between rural and urban areas.
Mortality: China also has a high rate of mortality from breast cancer, but there are geographical differences, with higher mortality rates in urban areas than in rural areas.
Epidemiological characteristics
Age distribution: The age at which breast cancer occurs tends to rejuvenate, but the prevalence rate is still highest among women over 45. Globally, about 70 per cent of breast cancer occurs over the age of 45, and women over the age of 45 account for 69.75 per cent of all cases.
Regional differences: The incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer vary from region to region. Morbidity and mortality rates are higher in urban areas than in rural areas, which may be related to urban women ‘ s habits, environmental factors, etc.
Genetic factors: The incidence of breast cancer may be associated with genetic factors. Epidemiological studies show that 5-10 per cent of breast cancer is family-based. The risk of breast cancer is significantly increased, assuming that there are more than two cases of breast cancer and ovarian cancer among first- or second-degree relatives with a pathogenic gene.
Poor living habits: Poor living habits are also one of the major factors in the incidence of breast cancer. High fats, low-fibrous eating habits, overdrinking, long nights and exposure to ionizing radiation from the use of electronics all increase the risk of breast cancer.
IV. Prevention and screening
Preventive measures: Breast cancer prevention requires a variety of integrated approaches, including lifestyle adjustments, improved eating habits, avoidance of the use of estrogen-containing drugs and health products, periodic medical examinations, etc.
Early screening: Early screening is a way to reduce breast cancer mortality. By means of self-censorship, mammograms, molybdenum targets, MRIs, etc., it is possible to detect early detection of breast cancer pathologies, thus increasing the cure rate.
In conclusion, the epidemiological characteristics of breast cancer vary globally and geographically and are influenced by a number of factors. Comprehensive preventive measures and early screening are therefore needed to reduce breast cancer morbidity and mortality.
