In today ‘ s society, type 2 diabetes has become a common chronic disease that seriously affects people ‘ s health. Its incidence is closely linked to a number of factors, which pose many challenges to the lives of patients, as well as higher demands on the health-care system.
I.2 Definition of type diabetes and morbidity mechanisms
2 Diabetes type, also known as non-insulin-dependent or adult-illitus type diabetes, is a metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance to the relative insulin insulin deficiency. Its mechanism of morbidity is complex and is now considered to be the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors play an important role as the basis for this, with a significant increase in the risk of disease among the population with diabetes in the family. Environmental factors include poor lifestyles such as long-term high sugar, high fat, high-energy diets, lack of mobility and chronic stress. These factors have led to insulin resistance in the human body, i.e., a reduction in cell sensitivity to insulin, which prevents insulin from functioning effectively as a reduction in blood sugar. As conditions develop, the β-cell function of insulin is gradually impaired and insulin is further reduced, which eventually leads to a continuous rise in blood sugar.
II.2 Symptoms and diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
At an early stage of the disease, the symptoms of type 2 diabetes may not be apparent, which is one of the reasons why it is easily neglected. Common symptoms include overdrinking, eating, urinating and body weight reduction, but many patients may no longer have typical “three or less” symptoms when diagnosed. Regular blood sugar testing is therefore essential for the early detection of type 2 diabetes. Diagnosis Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes is based on blood sugar tests, including emptied abdominal sugar, 2 hours after meals and random blood sugar. The possibility of diabetes mellitus is to be considered and further examined for diagnosis when an empty abdominal glucose 7.0mmol/L, 2 hours of ablution 11.1mol/L or random glucose 11.1mol/L is to be determined. In addition, the screening of sugared haemoglobin is one of the important diagnostic indicators that can reflect the average blood sugar levels of patients over the past 2 – 3 months.
III.2 Prevention and management of type diabetes
The key to the prevention of type 2 diabetes is to control risk factors and maintain healthy lifestyles. For high-risk groups, such as obese, family history diabetics, high blood pressure, etc., blood sugar testing should be carried out on a regular basis in order to detect diabetes at an early stage. Self-management is very important for patients who have been diagnosed, including regular monitoring of blood sugar, timely medication, a reasonable diet, adequate exercise, etc. At the same time, patients should be regularly reviewed at hospitals in order to adapt treatment programmes in a timely manner to prevent complications.
In general, type 2 diabetes is a serious chronic disease, but with scientific treatment and management it is effective in controlling blood sugar, reducing the occurrence of complications and improving the quality of life of patients. We should raise awareness of type 2 diabetes and take proactive measures to protect our health.
