Blood pressure management in anaesthesia

The management of blood pressure in anaesthesia is an essential part of the operation, and the management of blood pressure in anaesthesia is the key to the safety and smooth operation of the patient. During anaesthesia, the blood pressure of the patient may be affected by a number of factors. First, the substance itself has an effect on the cardiovascular system. For example, some inhaled anesthesia may lead to an expansion of the blood vessels and a decrease in blood pressure. An intravenous drug has the potential to inhibit myocardial contraction, which also affects blood pressure. If the depth of anaesthesia is not well understood, excessive anaesthesia tends to lead to low blood pressure, which may reduce blood injections in important organs such as the brain, the heart and the kidney. Stimulation of surgery is also an important factor in blood pressure. At the beginning of the operation, the removal of skin, separation of tissue, etc. may cause blood pressure to rise, which is a physical stress. When the operation reaches a critical step, such as the treatment of a large vascular or significant body, the patient ‘ s blood pressure may fluctuate due to neuroreflective, etc. In addition, prolonged surgery, extensive blood loss or loss of body fluids can lead to low blood pressure. The objective of blood pressure management in anaesthesia is to maintain the relative stability of blood pressure. In general, blood pressure is maintained to the extent possible within the patient ‘ s pre-operative base blood pressure, usually not exceeding 30 per cent of the base blood pressure. This ensures that important organs are adequately supplied with blood. In cases of low blood pressure, the anesthesia physician takes a number of measures. If the blood capacity is insufficient, such as more blood loss from surgery, it is timely to replenish crystal fluids, glues or blood transfusions. Rapid infusion liquids can increase circulation blood and thus blood pressure. At the same time, some vascularly active drugs may be used. For example, aerobic adrenaline can constrict the blood vessels, increase blood pressure and have less effect on the heart rate. ephedrine is also often used to increase blood pressure, which also increases heart rate and myocardial contraction. In the case of high blood pressure in anaesthesia, treatment is also required. The first is to check whether the depth of the anaesthesia is appropriate, and if the anaesthesia is too shallow, an appropriate deepening of the anaesthesia may relieve the hypertension. For some persistent hypertension, pressure-relief drugs may be used. For example, nitric acid glycerine, which expands the veins and reduces the respiration, thus reducing blood pressure, especially for patients with myocardial ischaemic blood. For its part, Labeloll can reduce blood pressure and heart rate at the same time, which has a better effect in cases of increased blood pressure and heart rate. During anaesthesia, blood pressure is monitored continuously and accurately. Common methods include blood pressure-free monitoring and blood pressure monitoring. There is no blood pressure monitoring, which is the common method of measuring blood pressure by cuffbands, which is simple, but in some cases where blood pressure is highly volatile or requires continuous monitoring in real time, there is a greater advantage in blood pressure monitoring. Blood pressure monitoring is a direct measure of the pressure in the artery by inserting the catheter into the artery, which is more timely and accurate in reflecting the transient changes in blood pressure, which are important for patients with complex and difficult surgical conditions. The patient ‘ s own situation also has a significant impact on blood pressure management in anaesthesia. For example, older patients, whose cardiovascular systems are relatively weak, their blood pressure is poorly regulated, they are more vulnerable to blood pressure fluctuations in anaesthesia and require more sophisticated management. People suffering from cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and coronary heart disease are more complex in their own blood pressure control and are more cautious in anaesthesia, both to avoid the serious consequences of excessive blood pressure that increases the risk of heart burden and vascular rupture, and to prevent hypotensive pressure from causing myocardial insemination or infarction. In general, the management of blood pressure in anaesthesia is a complex and fine process, and an anaesthetologist needs to consider a combination of various factors, including anaesthesia, surgical irritation, and the patient ‘ s own condition, through precise monitoring and effective measures to ensure that the patient ‘ s blood pressure is stabilized during anaesthesia, and to lay the foundation for the success of the operation and the rehabilitation of the patient.