(i) What is breast cancer? Breast cancer is a malignant tumour that occurs in the adrenal tissue of the breast, usually in the catheter or gland tissue of the breast, and can be classified as non-immersion (in situ) and immersion, with a higher degree of malignantity. Breasts are not a vital organ for the survival of human life and in situ breast cancer is not fatal, but they are loosely connected and easily released because of the loss of normal cell characteristics. Once the cancer cells fall off, the free cancer cells can disperse their bodies with blood or lymph fluid, form a diversion and endanger life.
The symptoms of breast cancer, which is not, in fact, non-symptomatic, are the symptoms of any disease. Specialists recommend that the risk of possible cancers be noted if the breast has the following “proxies”. Breast swelling: This is the most common symptom of breast cancer, with single hair, rigidness, irregular edges, and superficiality. Erosion: Blood, plasma, milk, sepsis, etc. are released from the nipples during the non-pregnancy period. Skin change: Tumours can also give rise to signs of skin decorating, red or ulceration, “Orange pear” and “dimple” for patients. nipples, tizziness: e.g. nipple retrenchment or lifting is a symptom of tumour distance from the nipple position and of a violation of a large catheter in the breast. It is also possible to observe the presence of itching, ulcing, convulsions, crumbs, oedema, etc. in the skin of nipples and lactation accessories. 5. The lymphocytes of the armpits are swollen: can the lymphocytes of the lymphocytes of transfer be felt in the light-stroked armpits and in the late stages of breast cancer are felt in the collarbones and the side armpits. In addition, in order to increase the rate of early detection of breast cancer, breast cancer specialists suggest that women may undergo self-examination within two weeks of menstruation before menstruation. Observe breast symmetry, colour change, denture of nipples, etc.; touch the breast from the inside and out of the coop, see if there is a swelling or a corset; press the outside of the breast and the armpit, check if there is a swelling; and see if there is a graft spill on the pressure cream. 1. Persons who regularly smoke and drink alcohol and have irregularly misbehavioured habits; (b) Long-term exposure to external estrogen;
(iv) How to prevent breast cancer? 1. Healthy diet: Eat more vegetables and fruits and reduce the intake of high fat and high-heat foods. 2. Regularity: to ensure adequate sleep and avoid staying up late. 3. Moderate exercise: improving health and maintaining healthy weight. 4. Periodic check-ups: it is recommended that women undergo regular breast self-checks and mammograms.
Diagnosis of breast cancer 1. Breast ultrasound: use of ultrasound to observe the internal structure of the breast, which clearly shows the position, size, morphology, etc. For example, ultrasound examinations are of better diagnostic value for young women and for incisive breast. Breast X-ray photography (mixed mammography): Helps to detect early symptoms-free breast cancer. Small calcified stoves can be shown to be important for early breast cancer, mainly in calcified stoves. 3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): high sensitivity and specificity to mammography. Screening for high-risk groups, assessment of the effects of new assisted treatment for breast cancer, etc. Pathological biopsy: This includes stabbing biopsy and surgical excision. This is the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Blood testing: detection of tumor markers, such as cancer embryo antigens (CEA), sugar antigens 15-3 (CA15-3), etc., cannot be identified by these indicators alone. Different methods of examination have advantages and disadvantages, and the doctor selects the appropriate combination of examinations according to the patient ‘ s particular circumstances in order to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis.
1. Surgical treatment: including breast cancer root surgery, breast-milk surgery, etc. 2. chemotherapy: the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. 3. Rehabilitation: use of radiation to contain and kill cancer cells. 4. Endocrine treatment: for hormonal positive patients. 6. Target-oriented treatment: Precision treatment for specific targets.
Early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are key to improving breast cancer treatment and survival. Early detection and early treatment of breast cancer can be achieved by:
1. Periodic self-censorship: Select a fixed time per month, such as 7 – 10 days after the end of the period. In front of the mirror, see if the breasts on both sides are symmetrical, whether the skin is dented, red and ulcer etc. Touching the breast with a small touch of the abdomen, starting with the outer quadrant, checking in the direction of the clockwise, with a sense of swelling, knots, size, texture, boundary, etc. Squeeze the nipples and see if there is any spill.
2. Periodic clinical examinations: It is recommended that women aged 20-39 be examined by a doctor every three years. Women aged 40 and over undergo an annual breast examination.
Focus on breast screening: Women under 40 years of age may undergo an annual breast ultrasound. Women over 40 years of age undergo an annual mammography ultrasound and mammography X-line (monumental examination).
4. Attention to physical changes: medical attention should be given in a timely manner to the detection of abnormalities such as painy swelling of breasts or armpits, dents of nipples, graft spills, changes in skin orange skins, or dimples.
5. Increased surveillance of high-risk groups: family history of breast cancer (especially of direct relatives such as mothers, sisters, etc.). The menstruation starts early and ends late. Unborn, late or not breastfeeding. The use of hormonal substitution therapy or oral contraceptives is permanent. People with chronic excessive consumption of alcohol, for example, should be examined more frequently or in more detail, such as MRI.
In short, make breast cancer more alert, away from the threat of breast cancer! Regular inspections, timely detection of anomalies and appropriate measures are key to achieving early detection and early treatment.
Breast cancer
