Breast cancer, one of the most common malignant neoplasms in the world for women, has shifted its treatment strategy from traditional “one-size-fits-all” to individualized treatment. Individualized treatment implies the development of the most appropriate treatment for the patient, depending on the patient’s specific circumstances, including the type of tumor, the period, the patient’s own state of health, age and socio-economic situation. For patients and their families, a better understanding of medical knowledge in the treatment process not only enhances confidence in the treatment, but also improves cooperation with doctors and promotes rehabilitation.
I. Early screening and diagnosis
Early screening for breast cancer is essential. Early detection of breast cancer can be achieved through screenings such as mammography, mammography, mammography and mammograms (magnetic resonances). Once diagnosed, doctors develop individualized treatments based on the size, location, stage and condition of the tumor.
II. Surgery
Surgery is one of the main means of breast cancer treatment. Depending on the specific case of the tumor, the surgical programme may include mastectomy, lactation and lymphomy cleaning. Breastectomy is applied to patients with larger tumours or who have violated the surrounding tissues, while breast-physics are applied to patients with smaller tumours and lower tumours, with the aim of preserving the breast form and improving the quality of life. The lymph cleanup is used to assess whether the tumor has been transferred to lymph nodes and helps to determine follow-up treatment strategies. Doctors choose the most appropriate procedure based on the patient ‘ s tumour, age, state of health and personal wishes.
III. Complementary treatment
In addition to surgical treatment, breast cancer patients usually require assistive treatment to further eliminate cancer cells and reduce the risk of relapse. Assistive treatments include treatment, chemotherapy, endocrine treatment and target-oriented treatment. It kills cancer cells through high-energy rays and reduces tumour recurrence; it uses drugs to contain the growth of cancer cells; endocrine treatment inhibits the growth of cancer cells by regulating hormonal levels in patients; and target-oriented treatment is targeted at specific cancer cell targets, with precision. Molecular targeting treatments are for breast cancer patients overexpressed by the Sher2 gene, who achieve therapeutic purposes by blocking the growth signals of cancer cells through specific drugs.
Rehabilitation and follow-up
Upon completion of treatment, the patient will enter the rehabilitation phase. At this point, it is essential to focus on the recovery of the body and to maintain good habits and mentalities. Regular follow-up visits are also essential. Follow-up visits can detect the recurrence or transfer of tumours in time for doctors to adjust their treatment programmes. Follow-up visits include medical examinations, mammograms, blood tests and necessary visual examinations.
V. The treatment cycle and beyond
The treatment cycle for breast cancer is based on the specific pathology of the patient and the results of the immunization grouping, and the chemotherapy cycle may consist of 4 cycles, 6 cycles, 12 cycles, etc., with one cycle of 21-28 days. The prognosis of breast cancer is closely related to the stage of the development of the disease, and the earlier it is discovered, the greater the chances of survival within five years.
Psychological support and social care
The process of treatment of breast cancer is not only a physical but also a psychological test. People may face emotional problems such as anxiety, fear, depression, etc. Psychological support and social care are therefore also integral parts of the treatment process. The care and support of family members, friends and health-care providers, as well as professional counselling, help patients to better meet the challenges of treatment.
In conclusion, the treatment of breast cancer is a multidisciplinary, individualized and integrated treatment process, which involves surgery, chemotherapy, degenerative treatment, molecular targeting and post-operative rehabilitation. Through an in-depth understanding of medical knowledge in the treatment, patients and their families can better respond to this challenge and add confidence and strength to the path of recovery.
