Children are more likely to have ear, nose and throat infections during childhood because of their physical structure and undeveloped immune system. Understanding the characteristics of an ear, nose and throat infection in a child and having the right elements of care are essential to ensure the healthy development of the child. I. Characteristics of ear, nose and throat infections in children
(i) Chinese ear inflammation The relatively short, wide, straight and horizontal ducts of the child make it easier for the snorts and larvae to reverse into the middle ear and cause me ear inflammation. Inflammation of the nose and throat caused by flu, especially upper respiratory infections, tends to affect the middle ear. Symptoms of ear inflammation among children may include ear pains, fever, distress and reduced hearing. Smaller babies may not be able to express their ear pains accurately, as shown by frequent ear scratches, shaking of their heads, irritation, sleep disorders, etc. In the absence of timely treatment for mid-ear disease, it can lead to complications such as perforation of the drums and hearing impairments, affecting the child ‘ s linguistic development and learning ability.
(ii) tonsils are an important part of the child immune system, but in childhood they are also vulnerable to infection. tonsils can be classified as acute and chronic. Acute tonsilitis is usually more acute, manifested in high heat, ache and difficulty of swallowing, and can sometimes be seen to be swollen, full of blood, with white or yellow spots on the surface. Children may refuse to eat and salivate because of the pain. Chronic tonstonitis is mostly caused by the recurrence of acute tonsionitis, which often has symptoms such as larvae, exotic feeling, irritating coughing, and is swollen and visible within the nest. The persistence of tonsil inflammation may lead to systemic diseases such as rheumatism heart disease and kidney inflammation.
(iii) Nasal inflammation. Children ‘ s nasal intestines are not yet mature, their nasal mouth is relatively large, their nasal cavities and their mucous membranes are tender, and they are easily infected with nasal infestations. Nasal inflammation often occurs in upper respiratory infections, with symptoms of nose plugs, slugs (which can be suspense), coughs, headaches, etc. The inability of children to accurately describe the location and nature of headaches may be manifested in tears, irritation or mental discomfort. Long-term nasal inflammation may also affect the smell function of children, leading to an appetite and, in turn, to growth and development.
(iv) Influenza. Children are mostly affected by viral or bacterial infections, which can also be induced by environmental factors (e.g. air pollution, drying) or poor living habits (e.g. shouting, crying for long periods). Acute oscillitis is manifested in dry, burning, pain, increased pain when swallowed, and can be accompanied by heat and cough. Chronic osteoporosis manifests itself mainly in osteophorism, itchism and irritating coughing, with regular voice and coughing. If children are not treated in a timely manner, a downward spread may cause respiratory diseases such as bronchitis and pneumonia.
II. Elements of care for ear, nose and throat infections in children
1. Close observation of the state of the disease: attention is paid to the temperature of the child, the extent of his or her ear pain, and the presence of ecstasy. If the body temperature exceeds 38.5 °C, deflammation drugs such as brophen or acetylaminophenol may be given as recommended by the doctor to mitigate the discomfort caused by the fever. 2. Correct use of medication: giving children eardrums in accordance with medical instructions. Before dripping, the earring is cleaned and the earlids can be pulled up gently, the outside ear is straightened, then the dripping is slowly dripping through the back wall of the ear, and then the drug keeps the child in a side position for 5 – 10 minutes, so that the drug fully works in the middle ear. 3. Pain relief: Local heat dressing can be used to alleviate ear pain and warm towels can be applied around the sick ear, but care should be taken that the temperature is not too high to prevent the burning of the child ‘ s skin.
1. Dietal adjustment: During the acute phase of tonsilitis, children should be given fresh, digestible and nutritious foods, such as rice congee, noodles, steamed eggs, etc., in order to avoid the consumption of spicy, greasy, irritating foods and to avoid the exacerbation of ingesting. Children are encouraged to drink more water to keep their mouth wet and to promote the release of toxins. Oral care: After eating, children are given warm salt water to wash their mouths many times a day, which reduces oral aroma, relieves infirmity and inhibits bacterial growth. Young children may not be able to wash their mouths and parents can use cotton tags to wipe their mouths and the surface of their tonsils. Rest and activities: ensure adequate rest for children, reduce activity and avoid overwork. When the situation improves, activity can gradually increase, but care is taken to avoid going to densely populated sites and preventing re-infection.
1. Nasal cavity clean-up: use of physio-saline dripping or snorting to dilute the nasal cavity to facilitate discharge. For older children, they can be taught the correct method of snorting, i.e., by pressing one of the noses, gently eject the secretions in the other side of the nasal cavity and then switch the other side. Avoid strangling both noses at the same time, so as not to result in a reversal of the genre into the nasal cortex, which exacerbates the infection. 2. Environmental regulation: keeping indoor air fresh and wet, with the use of humidifiers to regulate indoor humidity between 40 and 60 per cent. Frequent window ventilation reduces the concentration of indoor dust, allergies and irritating substances. 3. Placing: To the extent that a child ‘ s condition permits, appropriate body flow may be used, for example, by placing the child on the side or on the ground, with his or her head down and his or her feet high enough to facilitate the discharge of endocrines from his or her nose. The duration of each diversion, depending on the child ‘ s degree of tolerance, is typically 10 – 15 minutes, 2 – 3 times a day.
1. Throat-mentation care: The role of larynx can be played by making children drink more warm water or honey. Children may also be given some larynx-based tablets, such as watermelon creams, grass corals, etc., bearing in mind the age limit for the use of the tablets and that smaller children may not be suitable for the tablets to avoid coughing. Avoiding irritation: Reduced time for children to shout and cry and avoid exposure to irritating gases and dust. In high air pollution weather, the need to minimize outing should be accompanied by masks. 3. Vapour inhalation: For older children, gas inhalation can be used to mitigate infirmity. Water will be poured into the cup, so that children can breathe steam to their mouths for 5 – 10 minutes each, 2 – 3 times a day. However, care must be taken to prevent the burning of children.
Child ear, nose and throat infections require close attention and careful care by parents and medical personnel. In daily life, care must be taken to improve children ‘ s nutrition, improve their health, prevent upper respiratory infections and reduce the incidence of ear, nose and throat infections. When symptoms of ear, nose and throat infection are found in children, they should be treated in a timely manner, in accordance with the doctor ‘ s recommendations for treatment, and in order to help them to recover as soon as possible.
