Classification of subdural haematoma and common clinical manifestations.

Underdural haematoma is the potential gap between the dural and spider membrane in which the blood accumulates, usually due to severe head traumas such as traffic accidents, falls or violent blows.Classification1. Acute subdural haematoma: means subdural haematoma with symptoms occurring within three days after the injury. This is usually due to severe head injuries, such as car accidents and high-level crashes. Following the injury, the blood quickly accumulates between the dural and the spider membrane, resulting in a sharp increase in the internal pressure of the skull.Sub-acute epidural haematoma: Symptoms after injury 4 days – 3 weeks. The formation mechanisms are similar to those of the acute subdural haematoma, but the rate of haemorrhage is relatively slow, possibly as a result of slow blood seepage and accumulation after the vascular fracture at the time of the injury.3. Chronic subdural haematoma: commonly referred to as haematoma that occurs more than three weeks after the injury. Older persons are more common, and some patients may not have a clear history of head trauma or have a very small head impact. This is due to the constriction of the brain of the elderly, the stretching of the blood vessels on the surface of the brain, and the possibility of a slight head movement that could cause angiogeneity. Blood accumulates slowly between the dural and spider membrane, creating haematoma.Clinical performance1. Headache: one of the most common symptoms of subdural haematoma. The acute subdural haematoma tends to have severe headaches as a result of rapid haematoma formation, rapid rise in the internal pressure of the skull and stimulation of the epidural endurance of the epidural. The headaches of chronic subdural haematoma may be relatively light, with persistent swelling and may increase gradually.2. Consciousness disorder: A coma occurs more immediately after an acute subdural haematoma injury, and may increase gradually. This is due to haematosis of the brain tissue, which results in impaired brain function. Awareness disorders for persons with subacute and chronic subdural haematoma are likely to gradually occur and may begin to manifest themselves as psychosis, sleep addiction and coma as haematoma increases.3. Pupil change: Student change occurs when haematoma oppresses an eye neurological. The wideness of the pupils on one side and the loss of light reflection are important manifestations of the increase in internal pressure and the formation of herbium. In acute subdural haematoma, this pupil variation may occur earlier, as haematoma forms and oppresses brain tissues more rapidly.Physical impairment: Physical incapacitation or paralysis can occur depending on the location of the swollen brain area. For example, if haematoma oppresses the motion area of the left hemisphere, it may lead to movement barriers to the right side of the limbs, including the inability to lift the upper limb, decrease the grip, and the inability to walk the lower limb.5. Disgusting, vomiting: This is due to the rise in internal pressure and the stimulation of the vomiting centre. The vomiting is generally ejective and is more common among patients with acute subdural haematoma, as acute haematoma leads to a sharp increase in internal pressure.The prognosis depends on the size of the haematoma, the rate of haemorrhage, the age of the patient and the overall state of health. Timely treatment can significantly improve the patient ‘ s prognosis, but may be poor if there are serious complications, such as encephalitis.In order to prevent subdural haematoma, it is of paramount importance to prevent or minimize head injuries. This includes wearing appropriate helmets for activities that may cause head injury, wearing safety belts for driving or travelling in motor vehicles, and taking measures to protect young children, such as the use of suitable car seats, fixed furniture, etc.