Clinical application of antibacterial drugs

Antibacterial drugs play a crucial role in clinical treatment, but proper and rational application is essential. The clinical application of antibacterial drugs is extensive. In respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, bronchitis, etc., appropriate antibacterial drugs are selected for treatment, depending on the possible type of pathogens infected. For gland positive infections, penicillin or headgillins may be used; for gland cactus infections, quinone or amino sugar slurry may be more effective. Infections of the urology system are common in urinary tracts, bladders and kidneys. In general, low toxicity, oral uptake of antibacterial drugs such as sulfamide, furan modulus etc. can be selected for simple urinary tract infections. In the case of complex urinary tract infections, drugs with a wider antibacterial spectrum and high concentrations in kidney tissues, such as quinone, third-generation hemorrhage, etc., may be required. In cases of digestive system infections, such as cholesterol, perimenitis, etc., drugs need to be selected according to the severity of the infection and the pathogen type. For anaerobic infections, the use of nitroglycerin-type drugs, such as nitrazine, is common. Surgery prevention of infection is also an important aspect of the clinical application of antibacterial drugs. Cleaning operations usually do not require the prevention of the use of antibacterial drugs, but in some specific cases, such as when the operation involves vital organs, the length of the operation and the patient’s immuno-deficiency condition, antibacterial drugs may be used at short notice. Clean-pollution operations and pollution operations require more preventive use of antibacterial drugs to reduce the risk of post-operative infections. However, the irrational application of anti-bacterial drugs also raises a range of problems. Overuse of antibacterial drugs can lead to the creation of drug-resistant bacteria. Treatment may become more difficult when pathogen antigens become resistant, and otherwise effective drugs may become ineffective. For example, the emergence of resistant fungus, such as methooxins and yellow grapes (MRSA) and VRE, poses a great challenge to clinical treatment. Unreasonable joint use is also a common problem. The joint use of multiple antibacterial drugs without clear indications not only does not increase the efficacy of the treatment, but may increase the risk of adverse drug response and resistance. In order to ensure proper clinical application of anti-bacterial drugs, doctors need to strictly follow the relevant treatment guidelines and principles. Prior to the use of antibacterial drugs, pathogens should be identified as far as possible and sensitive drugs selected on the basis of the results of sensitive tests. For mild infections, priority should be given to narrow spectrum antibacterials, avoiding the use of broad spectrum, high-impact antibacterials at the outset. At the same time, attention should be paid to the dose of the drug and to the course of treatment. Inadequate doses may lead to treatment failure, while excessive doses may increase the risk of adverse effects. Excessive treatment can lead to the creation of drug-resistant bacteria, while short treatment can lead to re-emergence. There is also a need to improve patient education in clinical applications. To inform patients about the correct methods and care for the use of antibacterial drugs, to avoid the purchase and use of antibacterial drugs on their own and to reduce unnecessary use. In addition, medical institutions should establish well-developed systems for the management of anti-bacterial drugs, strengthen monitoring and evaluation of the use of anti-bacterial drugs, and conduct regular training and evaluation of the rational use of anti-bacterial drugs in order to improve the level of rational use of medicines by medical personnel. In general, the clinical application of anti-bacterial drugs requires a combination of factors and the application of scientifically sound principles in order to optimize its therapeutic effects, reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions and drug resistance and safeguard the health of patients.