When a small life is conceived in the belly of the mother, the heart is growing. However, at the time of birth, some babies may have heart defects, which is congenital heart disease. It is one of the most common birth defects, and although it may sound terrible, as medical progress continues, many people with congenital heart disease have access to effective treatment and a good quality of life.
Congenital heart disease is of many kinds, with more common breakdowns in room spacing, loss in room spacing, unsealed artery catheters, Faro IV, etc. A lack of space refers to the fact that the spacing of the two heart chambers is not completely closed, which leads to a diversion of the blood from the heart room; the lack of room space is a gap in the heart room, where the blood of the left and right heart room is mixed; the failure of the artery catheters to be closed during the foetal period to connect the pulmonary artery and the aortic artery to normal closure after birth; and the presence of a relatively complex congenital heart disease, including narrow pulmonary arteries, missing room spacing, acoustic cycling and four malformations of thickness of the right heart chamber. The severity and symptoms of these different types of congenital heart disease also vary.
So, what causes congenital heart disease? Part of it is genetic. If there is congenital heart disease in the family, the risk of congenital heart disease increases relatively in future generations. But much more is the result of a combination of factors. Poor living habits of pregnant women during pregnancy, such as smoking, drinking and drug use, can significantly increase the probability of congenital heart disease in the foetus. Infection during pregnancy of rubella virus, megacell virus, influenza virus, etc., particularly in the early stages of pregnancy, may have serious effects on the heart development of the foetus. In addition, exposure of pregnant women to certain harmful chemicals, such as pesticides, benzene, or diseases such as diabetes mellitus, phenylketonuria and the use of certain drugs that may cause malformation, can be an incentive for congenital heart disease.
Infants suffering from congenital heart disease have different symptoms. Some children with mild congenital heart disease may not have visible symptoms at an early stage, but only incidental cardiac noises were detected during medical examinations. In the case of children with more severe conditions, there may be acute respiratory stress, particularly when they are breastfed, crying and active, because of the increased burden of the heart and the increased silture of the lungs which leads to difficulty in breathing; the skin is blue as a result of the lower oxygen content in the blood, which results from cardiac malformations, which can lead to a chrysanthemum in the lips, fingernail beds, etc.; growth is slow and their height and weight may increase more slowly than that of healthy children, because of the inadequate functioning of the heart which affects the normal supply of blood and nutrition to the various organs of the body; and the vulnerability to repeated respiratory infections, due to abnormal blood circulation in the lungs and a decrease in resistance.
For the diagnosis of congenital heart disease, the doctor makes a multi-faceted assessment. During pregnancy, a pre-screening of the heart structure and function of the foetus can be carried out through ultrasound aneurysms, and if abnormalities are detected, further examinations such as MRI can be carried out to obtain more detailed information on the heart of the foetus. After the birth of the child, the doctor conducts a medical examination based on his or her symptoms, signs, and hearing the heart noise is one of the important means of examination. At the same time, electrocardiograms are used to check the normality of the heart ‘ s electrical activity, chest X-rays to observe the physical shape of the heart and the lungs, while ultrasound motion maps are the key tests for the diagnosis of congenital heart disease, which can provide a clear picture of the structure of the heart, of the valves and of the direction and speed of the blood flow, so as to determine accurately the type and severity of congenital heart disease.
There are many options for treating congenital heart disease. In cases of small room insulation, room spacing or arterial catheters that are not closed and may be closed on their own during the baby ‘ s growth, the doctor conducts follow-up observation visits, periodically reviews, etc., of the cardiac ultrasound and monitors changes in the impairment. Interventions are required if there is a significant shortfall or if there is no tendency to close down. Currently, the most common treatment methods include surgical and interventional treatment. Surgery is done through chest surgery, which directly repairs or corrects the deformity of the heart, and is applied to a variety of complex congenital heart diseases, such as the Faro IV. Intervention treatment is a micro-invasive procedure whereby special devices, such as vascular piercings, such as seals or ball bladders, are sent to a heart attack for treatment, such as unsealed artery catheters, missing parts of the room space and missing room space. Interventions have the advantage of small trauma and quick recovery, but not all congenital heart diseases are suitable.
Congenital heart disease is not terrible, and prevention is essential. Pre-conception counselling and screening should be provided to pre-pregnancy couples in order to understand the family history and eliminate the potential risks of genetic factors. Women during pregnancy are expected to develop good living habits, to stop smoking and alcohol, to avoid exposure to harmful substances, to prevent viral infections and to conduct periodic birth tests, especially for the heart of the foetus. If there is a congenital heart disease in the family or a high risk factor during pregnancy, more detailed examinations and counselling are recommended at an experienced medical institution.
Although congenital heart disease is a heart defect at birth, modern medicine offers hope for these patients. Through timely diagnosis, reasonable treatment and careful care, many congenital heart disease patients are able to live, learn and work as normal people, integrate into society and develop their own good lives.
