Coughing is a protective reflection of the human body, which maintains the flow of the respiratory tract by removing alien, secretor or irritant from the respiratory tract. However, persistent or abnormal cough can be a manifestation of multiple diseases and can affect the quality of life of patients when serious. Depending on the nature, duration and cause of the cough, it can be divided into different types, with appropriate treatment. This paper details the type of cough and the treatment.
I. Types of cough
Cough can be divided into the following categories depending on the duration, nature and cause of the cough:
(i) Classification by duration
1. Acute cough
Duration: less than 3 weeks.
Common causes of illness: upper respiratory infections (e.g. common flu, flu), acute bronchitis, inhalation of alien, etc.
2. Subacute cough
Duration: 3 to 8 weeks.
Common causes of illness: post-infection cough (e.g., after the virus), bronchial highly reactive diseases.
Chronic cough
Duration: Over 8 weeks.
Common causes of illness: chronic bronchitis, asthma, gastrophatophagus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), tuberculosis, etc.
(ii) Classification by nature of cough
1. Dipping cough
Characteristics: No or very little sting, often accompanied by an itch or irritation of the throat.
Common causes of disease: viral respiratory infections, allergy cough, early pneumonia, gastrophagus, etc.
Wet cough
Characteristics: Accompanies the discharge of sapling, which may be mucous, pusal or blood.
Common causes of disease: bacterial pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, bronchial expansion, tuberculosis, etc.
(iii) Classification by cause
Infectious cough
Causes of disease: Caused by infections of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria and fungi.
Common diseases: common flu, flu, acute bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, etc.
2. Allergy cough
Incidence: Aeropathic allergies caused by allergies (e.g. pollen, dust mites, animal hair).
Common diseases: allergy cough, cough mutated asthma.
3. Antifluent cough
Pathological cause: gastric acid irritation of the throat or gas.
Common disease: gastrointestinal oesophagus (GERD).
Drug cough
Parameters: Side effects caused by certain drugs (e.g. vascular stressor enzyme inhibitor, ACEI).
Other causes of illness
Such as inhalation of foreign matter, tumour-pressed gas, heart-borne cough (e.g. heart failure).
II. Cough diagnosis
The diagnosis of cough requires a combination of medical history, medical examination and the necessary auxiliary examination to determine the cause of the disease.
(i) Medical history collection
1. Duration, nature (dry or wet cough), associated symptoms (e.g. heat, chest pain, agitation).
2. History of exposure (e.g. exposure to flu, exposure to allergy).
3. Past medical history (e.g. asthma, gastrophate retrenchment, chronic bronchitis).
4. Drug history (e.g., whether or not to take ACEI-type drugs).
(ii) Medical examination
1. Hearings: to observe the presence of wet, dry or other abnormal respiratory sounds.
2. Throat examination: to observe if there is blood, secretions or other abnormalities.
(iii) Complementary inspection
1. Visual screening: chest X-rays or CTs for the elimination of diseases such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, tumours, etc.
2. Lung functional examination: used for the diagnosis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
3. Stomach lenses: patients suspected of dysentery.
Laboratory examinations: blood protocol, sapling culture, allergy testing, etc.
III. Cough treatment
Cough treatment should be tailored to the cause of the disease and combined with treatment to alleviate the discomfort of the patient.
(i) Patient treatment
Infectious cough
(b) Virus infections: Most of these are self-restricted diseases, which do not require antibiotic treatment and are subject to the use of accommodatives (e.g., deheating, coughing).
Bacteria infections: Antibiotics, such as Amosicillin, gillactin or quinone, are selected on the basis of pathogens.
fungal infections: use of antifluent drugs (e.g. Vulcanium, Pycin B).
2. Allergy cough
Avoid allergies.
Anti-balletamine (e.g., chlorrepentam), white tritrile receptor stressor (e.g., Monrostat) or inhaled sugar cortex hormone (e.g., Budined) are used.
3. Antifluent cough
To improve the way of life: avoid eating too well, eat two hours before sleeping and raise the bed.
Use proton pump inhibitors (e.g. Omera) or H2 receptor stressants (e.g. Renedididdine).
Drug cough
Discontinuation of suspicious drugs and replacement, if necessary, with other drugs (e.g. replacement of ACEI with ARB-type drugs).
Other causes of illness
Inhalation of aliens: Removes them through bronchial lenses.
Oncological oppression: surgery, treatment or chemotherapy according to the circumstances.
(ii) Treatment
1. Anticinants
Central accelerants: e.g. right methadone, codeine (use with caution).
Perinatal accelerants: e.g., phenylprophorin.
Drugs
For example, ammonium bromine, acetyl cythaline, diluting aqueous fluids, and promoting discharge.
Pneumonics
For example, salbutamol, ammonium isopropobromine, which applies to patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Inhalation of sugar cortex hormones
For example, in the case of Boudinaid, fluidikason, it applies to cough mutagenic asthma or respiratory diseases.
(iii) Medical treatment in Chinese
1. Chinese medicine
The reduction of cough symptoms can be facilitated by the use of plasters, cough tablets, pulmonary antipowder pills, etc.
2. Acupuncture and push
Acupuncture irritates the pulmonary pulmonary position, the Zenith, etc., and pushes can alleviate cough symptoms.
(iv) Lifestyle adjustments
Maintain indoor air wetness to avoid drying.
Avoiding exposure to tobacco and second-hand smoke.
3. Drink more warm water to facilitate the dilution and discharge of sap.
4. Adequate rest to avoid excessive labour.
Cough prevention
1. Avoiding infection
Inoculation against influenza, pneumonia, etc.
Wash your hands and avoid exposure to cold patients.
2. Increased immunity
A balanced diet, adequate exercise and adequate sleep.
3. Avoiding allergies
Regular cleaning of the indoor environment and reduction of allergies such as dust mites and fungi.
4. Healthy lifestyles
Stop smoking and limit alcohol to avoid exposure to irritant gases or chemicals.
Concluding remarks
Cough is a common symptom of a wide variety of diseases, with complex causes. Scientific diagnosis and targeted treatment are key to mitigating cough and improving the quality of life of patients. The majority of cough can be effectively controlled through reasonable treatment, treatment and healthy lifestyle. At the same time, the implementation of preventive measures is important to reduce the incidence of coughing.
Cough.
