Diabetes mellitus and your eyes: a risk factor that cannot be ignored

Diabetes causes permanent damage to multiple organs and systems of the body, especially the eyes, one of the most vulnerable organs. The effects of diabetes on the eyes include, inter alia, retinasis, cataracts and glaucoma. This paper will provide detailed information on the effects of diabetes on the eyes and measures to combat it.I. The eye hazard of diabetes Diabetes retinasis- Diabetes retinal disease (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes, the main characteristic of which is abnormal retinal vascular increase and leakage.- Diabetes retinal disease can be classified as non-generative (NPDR) and multicultural (PDR) at different levels of disease.(1) Non-accumulative diabetes retinasis (NPDR): Early manifestations are microvascular tumours, haemorrhage points, hard seepages, etc.(ii) Multicultural Diabetes Retinal Motivation (PDR): Late-stage manifestations are neo-vascular formation, glass haemorrhage, retinal dissociation, etc.- Hazard: Diabetes-related retinal diseases can lead to loss of sight or even blindness if treatment is not provided in a timely manner. 2. cataracts- Definition: cataract refers to an eye disease which causes a loss of vision by a corrosive crystal.- Hazards: Diabetes patients are more likely to suffer from cataracts due to chronic high blood sugar, as well as to a crystal metabolic anomaly, and progress faster. 3. Glaucoma- Explanation: Glaucoma is an ophthalmological disease that is mainly symptomatic of sighted nervous damage and loss of vision, the occurrence of which is mainly related to increased eye pressure.- Hazards: Diabetes can lead to increased internal pressure and increased risk of glaucoma due to microvascular conditions. 4. Other eye complications- Diabetes mellitus: oedema in the balconies can lead to a decrease in the central vision.- Malture: high blood sugar can lead to a change in the pressure of a crystal-shaped osmosis, giving rise to temporary near- or far-sightedness.II. Measures to combat the eye hazard of diabetes Strict control of blood sugar- Target: Control of blood sugar within normal or near normal limits, HbA1c (sugarized haemoglobin) at below 7 per cent.- Methods: maintenance of blood sugar stability through a combination of dietary control, regular exercise and medication (e.g. insulin, oral sugar) 2. Periodic eye examinations- Frequency: Diabetes patients should have at least one full eye examination per year, including an eye test, a visual examination, eye pressure measurement, etc.Early detection: Early detection and treatment of eye complications can effectively slow down progress. Control of blood pressure and blood resin- Blood pressure: Controlling blood pressure below 130/80 mmHg helps to reduce microvascular disease.- Maintain normal levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and glycerine triester through diet and use of drugs. 4. Prohibition of smoking and alcohol- Stop smoking: smoking increases microvascular disease and increases the risk of retinasis of diabetes.- Liquor limit: excessive drinking leads to blood sugar fluctuations and increases the risk of eye complications. 5. Healthy diet- Reduced consumption of high sugar and fat foods and more of high-fibrous foods such as vegetables, fruits and whole grains.- A balanced diet: ensure that the diet contains sufficient proteins, vitamins and minerals to maintain a nutritional balance. 6. Rational motion Aerobic activity, such as walking, jogging and swimming, can increase insulin sensitivity and help control blood sugar levels. – Intensity training: moderate intensity training increases muscle strength and improves metabolism. 7. Drug treatment- Retinal changes: treatments such as laser photocondensation, anti-VEGF injections and glass cutting can be used for diabetes membranes.- cataracts: The treatment of cataracts can be surgically detached and implanted in artificial crystals.- Glaucoma: decrease of eye pressure through medication (e.g. beta receptor retardants, prostate analogue), laser therapy or surgical treatment. 8. Psychological support- Emotional management: Diabetes patients often face psychological distress, depression, etc., and help them manage their emotions by providing psychological counselling and organizational support, thereby improving their quality of life.- Health education: Health education to increase patients ‘ awareness of diabetes mellitus and its complications and to enhance their self-management capacity.Concluding remarksThe threat of diabetes in the eyes cannot be ignored, and early detection and timely treatment are important steps in preventing and managing eye complications of diabetes. Through a combination of strict control of blood sugar, regular eye examinations, control of blood pressure and blood resin, cessation of alcohol and tobacco, healthy diet, adequate exercise, medication and psychological support, diabetes can be effectively reduced to eye hazards, protection of vision and improvement of quality of life. It is also hoped that this study will lead to an initial understanding of the definition of retinasis of diabetes and preventive measures to better protect the health of your eyes.