Diabetic Neuropathy is one of the common complications of diabetes patients, mainly due to long-term high blood sugar-induced damage to the surrounding nervous system. This neurosis can affect several parts of the body, including limbs, autonomous nervous systems and specific cranial nerves.
Causes and mechanisms
Diabetes neurosis is mainly associated with high blood sugar levels, which damage neurofibrous fibres and their blood vessels and cause neurofunctional disorders. In addition, high blood sugar causes metabolic disorders, oxidizing stress and inflammation, further damaging the nervous system. The direct effects of high blood sugar on neurons and intracellular metabolic changes can also damage neurofunctional functions.
Type and symptoms
Diabetes neuroses are classified into several types, including amplitude and stoic neurosis. Persistence neuroses are usually manifested in long-range symmetrical sensory multi-neurological changes (DPNs) and diabetes autonomous neuroses (DANs), while hysteria is less common, usually acute and self-restricted.
The symptoms of the DPN include numbness, sting and pain at the far end of the limbs, which may increase at night and develop towards the near end. In serious cases, the patient may experience muscle incompetence and deep reflections that diminish or disappear. DAN, for example, involves autonomous neurofunctional disorders such as heart failure, blood pressure fluctuations, ingestion and defecation problems.
A neuropathic pathologie may affect a single or more surrounding nerve, cranial nerve, or arms bushes, a loony-coloured neurological region or nerve roots. Common neuroses include wrist-tunnel syndromes and foot neurosiss, which are usually similar to those of non-diabetes patients.
Diagnosis and assessment
Diabetes neuroses are diagnosed mainly on the basis of clinical symptoms and medical examinations, with specific electrophysiological and visual tests if necessary to exclude other causes. Vibration perception thresholds are a useful indicator for measuring DPN, while the Michigan neurotic screening tool can be used to assess the DPN for type 1 diabetes patients.
Treatment and management
There are no specific treatments for the reversal of neurological damage, but control of blood sugar levels can be effective in preventing and mitigating progress in diabetes neurosis. Treatment strategies include both drug and non-pharmacological treatment. Drug treatment includes, inter alia, the use of anti-convulsive drugs (e.g., Gabazedin), anti-depressants and anti-eclampsia drugs to alleviate pain and other symptoms. Non-pharmacological treatment includes physiotherapy, motor therapy and psychological support to improve the quality of life of patients.
Foot care is also an important part of the management of diabetes neuropathologies, as many patients are vulnerable to injuries due to reduced feelings, leading to ulcer and infection.
Pre- and Prevention
The prognosis of neurological changes in diabetes depends on the control of diabetes itself. Good blood sugar control can significantly improve symptoms and prevent progress. However, once neurological damage occurs, recovery may be slow and incomplete. Therefore, early identification and intervention are essential to improve expectations.
Diabetes neurosis is a complex complication that requires an integrated management strategy to control symptoms and prevent further organizational damage. Through strict control of blood sugar, regular examinations and appropriate treatment, patients can significantly improve their quality of life and reduce the risk of complications.
