Diabetic Retinopathy, DR is one of the most common complications for diabetes patients, with complex mechanisms, mainly caused by retina microvascular changes caused by chronic high blood sugar. High blood sugar leads to thickening of the vascular base membrane and peri-cellular death, which in turn leads to vascular seepage, internal-skin cell growth and microsectional aneurysms, eventually leading to vascular congestion and reduced retina oxygen supply.
Diabetes retinasis is classified as non-ingenerative and irritable. Non-inhibitional diabetes retinal pathologies are usually non-symptomatic and can be tested at an early stage by an ophthalmologist. Typical manifestations include edema at the FOV centre, caused by angiogenesis, and symptoms may include blurred vision and distorted images. In retinasis of increased diabetes mellitus, new blood vessels are formed in the back of the eye (new blood vessels), which may have haemorrhage (glass haemorrhage) and obscure vision due to vulnerability. These veins can also cause towed retinal dissociation.
Diabetes retinal changes may be non-symptomatic at an early stage and slow to be detected until late, when treatment is ineffective. Early detection is therefore essential to prevent long-term complications such as blindness. The UK National Diabetes Service Framework recommends that all diabetics over 12 years of age undergo an annual end-of-eye examination, preferably through digital eye-to-eye photography. The treatment of retinal changes to diabetes includes, inter alia, laser-ray condensation treatment and drug injection into the eyes to reduce abnormal blood vessels ‘ growth. In addition, strict control of blood sugar, blood pressure and fat metabolic disorders are important measures for the prevention and treatment of diabetes membranes.
Diabetes retinasis not only affects vision, but can also lead to serious loss of vision and even blindness. Diabetes patients should therefore undergo regular ophthalmological examinations and take active blood sugar control measures to reduce the risk of disease and improve the prognosis.
