Cardiovascular health of patients with diabetes is crucial, as there is a close correlation between diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Diabetes have a significantly higher heart disease risk than non-diabetes, which increases their vulnerability to heart disease, stroke and other cardiovascular diseases. In order to effectively reduce these risks, diabetes patients need a comprehensive range of strategies, including lifestyle adjustments, drug treatment and periodic health examinations.
1. Control of blood sugar levels
Control of blood sugar is one of the key measures to prevent cardiovascular diseases. High blood sugar can damage the inside of the vein, trigger artery sclerosis and increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. Diabetes patients should therefore strictly follow the doctor ‘ s treatment programme, including rational use of medication and regular monitoring of blood sugar levels. It is proposed to keep the sugared hemoglobin (HbA1c) below 7 per cent and to maintain blood sugar stability through balanced diet, appropriate exercise and drug management.
2. Control of blood pressure and blood resin
Hypertension and hypertension are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Diabetes patients are often accompanied by hypertension and high cholesterol, and therefore require special attention to the management of blood pressure and blood resin. It is proposed to keep blood pressure below 130/80 mmHg and to achieve this through low salt diets, appropriate exercise and, if necessary, the use of pressure relief drugs. At the same time, blood resin levels should be periodically checked to maintain total cholesterol below 4mmol/L, LDL (bad cholesterol) below 2mmol/L, HDL (good cholesterol) above 1mmol/L and triesters of glycerine below 2mmol/L.
3. Healthy diet
Sound eating habits are essential for the cardiovascular health of diabetes patients. The choice of foods with low sugar, low fat and high fibres, such as whole grains, vegetables, fruit and thin meat, is recommended. Limit intake of high saturated and trans-fat and reduce salt intake to avoid increased blood pressure. In addition, increased intake of foods rich in Omega-3 fatty acid, such as salmon, herring and halibut, helps to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
4. Maintaining appropriate sports
Regular aerobic motion helps to increase insulin sensitivity, reduce blood sugar and blood pressure and improve cardiovascular function. Medium-intensity campaigns of at least 150 minutes per week, such as fast walking, swimming or cycling, are recommended. Sport should be sensitive to the choice of the amount and manner of activity appropriate to the function of one ‘ s heart, and avoid excessive or violent activity.
5. Prohibition of smoking and alcohol
Smoking and overdrinking are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Diabetes should stop smoking and limit alcohol intake. Smoking accelerates the aging of blood vessels and increases the risk of heart disease, while alcohol ingestion may affect blood sugar control and drug effects and increase the risk of cardiovascular complications.
6. Periodic medical examinations and mental health
Periodic medical examinations are conducted to monitor indicators such as blood sugar, blood pressure, blood resin and to detect and address potential problems in a timely manner. It was also important to maintain a good psychological state. Long-term stress and anxiety can lead to blood sugar fluctuations and increase the risk of heart disease. Diabetes patients should therefore learn to adjust their mentalities, remain optimistic, actively participate in social activities and, if necessary, seek counselling.
Through a combination of these strategies, diabetes patients can effectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and protect their heart health. These measures not only contribute to the improvement of the quality of life, but also to the extension of life expectancy and to a healthier and better life for people with diabetes.
