Infectious cardiac valve disease is a cardiac valve disease caused by microbial infections such as bacteria and fungi. The disease can cause an abnormal valve function, which in turn affects the normal blood pump function of the heart, which in some cases is life-threatening. The following is a detailed study of the diagnosis and treatment of infectious cardiac valve disease.
I. Diagnosis of infectious cardiac valve disease
The diagnosis of infectious cardiac valve disease is based mainly on clinical performance, laboratory examinations and visual examinations. 1. Clinical performance:
• Patients may have all-body symptoms such as heat, inactivity, sweat and appetite loss.
• On the heart side, the patient may suffer from heart palpitation, chest depression, short-temporal stress and, in serious cases, heart failure.
• At the time of the medical examination, cardiac noises, particularly in the valve area, are observed, which are important signs of infectious cardiac valve disease. Laboratory inspection:
• Regular blood testing: White cell count increases, suggesting infection.
• Blood culture: the development of pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, etc., is an important basis for the diagnosis of infectious cardiac valve disease.
• Immunological examinations: C reactions to proteins, blood sunk, etc., reflect the inflammatory state of the organism. 3. Visual inspection:
• Ultrasound: the most commonly used method of visual examination for the diagnosis of infectious cardiac valve disease. The structure and functions of the heart valves can be observed, and abnormal changes in their thickness, calcification, perforation, and corrosive organisms can be observed.
• Breast X-ray: can observe changes in the morphology and size of the heart and whether there are any changes in the lungs, such as silt, oedema, etc.
• Heart CT or MRI: additional information on abnormal changes in heart valves and other heart structures.
II. Treatment of infectious cardiac valve disease
The treatment of infectious pericardial diseases consists mainly of medication, surgical treatment and intervention treatment. 1. Drug treatment:
• Anti-infection treatment: choice of appropriate antibiotics or anti-facter drugs for anti-infection treatment based on blood-breeding results and drug sensitivity tests.
Treatment of pathological disorders: e.g. use of urea to reduce the heart burden, use of oceanic yellow drugs to enhance myocardial constriction, use of beta receptor retardants to reduce heart rate, etc.
• Anticondensation treatment: For patients at risk of blood embolism, anticondensing drugs such as Wafalin can be used. 2. Surgery:
• Venetal replacement: for patients with severe impairment and loss of function of the valve, the replanting may be carried out by replacing the diseased valve with an artificial valve.
• Venetal reparatectomy: for patients with relatively minor and functional valve damage, recapturing can be performed to restore the normal function of the valve. Interventions:
• Transient valve replacement (TAVI): For patients with advanced age, infirmity or other serious combinations, a piping valve replacement may be used to transport artificial valves into the heart and to replace a pathological altered valve through the catheter.
• Valve refurnishing of catheters: these can be used to repair unusual changes in the valves, such as the piping of the catheters.
1. Prevention:
• Strengthen hygiene and prevent diseases such as upper respiratory infections and rheumatism.
• For patients with a history of cardiac valve disease, cardiac and ultrasound screenings should be carried out on a regular basis in order to detect and deal with changes in the valve in a timely manner.
• Avoiding the use of drugs that could damage the heart valves, such as inflammation drugs. Rehabilitation:
• During and after treatment, the patient should maintain adequate sleep and rest to avoid overwork.
• Periodic cardiac rehabilitation exercises, such as aerobics such as walking, jogging and so forth, can help restore heart function.
• Maintaining good mental and emotional stability and avoiding excessive tension and anxiety.
In light of the above, the diagnosis and treatment of infectious pericardial dysentery requires a combination of clinical performance, laboratory and visual examination results. In terms of treatment, appropriate medication, surgical treatment or intervention should be selected on the basis of the patient ‘ s specific circumstances. At the same time, the strengthening of prevention and rehabilitation measures is an important means of reducing the incidence and mortality of infectious pericardial diseases.
Multiple cardiac valve diseases
