The ulcer enteritis (UC) is a chronic, non-specific intestinal disease, which has a long and recurrent pathology and has a serious impact on the quality of life of patients. Their diagnosis and treatment are described in detail below.
I. Diagnosis
1. Clinical performance
Diarrhoea: The most common symptom is that of daily defecation of light persons 2 – 4 times, of heavy persons 10 or more times, and of faeces of slime.
Abdominal abdominal abdominal pain: most of them are pains in the lower left or lower abdominal, and can be exhausting and fully abdominal, and pains – it is a defusing pattern.
(a) The severity of the acuteness of the disease: due to the irritation of recital inflammation, patients often suffer from defecation.
In addition, it may be accompanied by a digestive system that is characterized by abdominal swelling, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and a whole-of-the-body symptoms such as fever, wasting, anaemia, which are more pronounced during acute periods or when the condition is severe.
2. Complementary inspection
colonoscopy: An important diagnostic tool for UC. Under the mirror, the mucous membrane is full of blood, oedema, rough in the form of granules, which can be easily bled, and there can be multiple scavengers, ulcer, with many changes starting from the rectum, continuity, permeability, lightness, bluntness or disappearance.
Monument biopsy: Organizational examinations show immersion of permafrost chronic inflammation cells in the inner membrane, immersion of visible melanoid cells during the activity period, inflammation, oscillation, sepsis, etc., which helps to identify other intestinal diseases.
Blood testing: Blood routines can show anemia, increased white-cell count, increased sank, C reaction protein rises indicating that disease is active. Clean blood protein decreases to reflect intestinal absorption disorders and inflammation.
Excreta screening: regular excreta screening of visible erythrocytes, white cells, mucous sepsis, pathogen screening helps to remove infectious colonitis.
Treatment
1. General treatment
Rest and food: Patients should rest fully and avoid stress. Foods that are irritated, easy to digest, slag and nutrient-rich, such as raw cold, greasy and spicy, can be given fluent or semi-fluent diets during acute dysentery periods, and are fasted and supported by extra-intestinal nutrition in cases of serious illness.
Psychotherapy: due to the length of UC ‘ s illness and its susceptibility to relapse, patients are often associated with anxiety and depression, which helps to improve their psychological state, enhance their treatment confidence and improve their quality of life.
2. Drug treatment
Amino-water glycol acid formulations: e.g., willow sulfon (SASP), applicable to light and medium UC patients, especially those whose pathologies are restricted to rectal and beta colons. The mechanism of action is to reduce mucous membrane and oedema by inhibiting intestinal inflammation. The main negative effects are nausea, vomiting, eating disorders, rashes, etc., and a small number of patients suffer from reduced white cells, impaired liver and kidney function. In recent years, new types of 5-amino-water asyric acid formulations, such as metallazole, have been more widely used because of relatively few adverse effects.
Sugar cortex hormonals: It is more effective during acute onset and can rapidly control inflammation and reduce symptoms. The most common drugs are Pohneson, Hydrogenized Pine, etc. It applies to patients with moderate and severe pain in the form of amino-water gyanate. However, long-term applications can cause adverse effects, such as full moon faces, buffalo backs, osteoporosis and increased blood sugar, which tend to decrease gradually after symptoms have been controlled to stop drugs.
Immunosuppressants: For hormonal dependent or invalid patients, immunosuppressants, such as sulfur, thorium, etc., can be added or converted. Its effect is to inhibit the immune response of the organism and reduce inflammation of inflammation cells. However, immunosuppressants are less effective and are at risk of bone marrow inhibition, infection, etc. Indicators such as blood routines, liver and kidney function need to be closely monitored during their use.
3. Surgery
When UC patients suffer from haemorrhage, perforation, cancer, incurable severity UC or infirmary treatment, surgical treatment is considered. The procedure involves, inter alia, whole colon mutilation and reintestinal cortex, and so forth. Surgical treatment can be effective in removing pathologies, but after the operation patients may face changes in lifestyle, intestinal disorders and long-term follow-up.
In the light of the above, the diagnosis of ulcer colonitis requires a combination of clinical performance and the results of supplementary examinations. The treatment should be individualized on the basis of the severity of the patient ‘ s condition, the extent of the disease, etc., and be based on the principles of early, normative and complete treatment, in order to control symptoms, maintain absiliation, prevent relapse, prevent complications and improve the quality of life and long-term survival of the patient. At the same time, self-management and regular follow-up of patients are also essential to adapt treatment strategies in a timely manner and to ensure good control of the situation.
