Diagnosis of breast cancer
Global research shows that breast cancer exceeded lung cancer for the first time in 2020, becoming the world ‘ s largest cancer. Breast cancer deaths among women also account for the highest number of malignant tumours. In 2020, there were approximately 410,000 new cases of breast cancer in the country, the highest number of malignant neoplasms in all women. Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumour in the world and among Chinese women. What about breast cancer? The screening and diagnosis process for breast cancer is self-censorship and screening for diagnostics of pathology at the mammogramal and physiology laboratory. 1.1 Self-censorship? (1) mirrors, hands fork over the waist, and to see if the breast profile is abnormal; (2) lifting up arms to see if there is an anomaly in the shape, skin, nipple and contours of the breasts; (3) checking fluids flowing from the nipples with thumbs and index finger: normal: transparent or white liquids are abnormal: rusty or suspense liquids; (4) placing on the ground, slightly up the shoulder, lifting up the right arm and swollen on the lower arm and the tail of the breast. Note: Throughout the self-censorship process, fingers are required to be flattened to the point of being examined and not to be held by fingers, or they can easily be mistakenly assumed to touch a lump with a hand on both sides of the breast, turn a small circle, cover as many areas as possible, lightly feel changes under the skin, heavy pressure changes in the deep breast tissue. 1.2 Medical consultations and medical examinations (1) The doctor first collects the medical history: the date of detection of breast swelling or other abnormalities, whether the condition has changed, whether the medical examination has been performed or not; (2) Medical examinations: (d) Laboratory examination of tumor markers is the synthesis of cancer cell-reactive substances released by tumour cells or host to cancer cells during tumour occurrence and breeding. There is generally no or very little presence in a normal human body, but it is abnormally expressed in a tumour patient, exceeding the level in a normal human body. CA15-3 The most valuable tumour markers for breast cancer are currently used in a wide range of clinical applications, mainly for assistive diagnosis of breast cancer, therapeutic efficacy testing and relapse warning. This indicator rises between 75 per cent and 100 per cent of patients with advanced breast cancer. The CEA (Cacer Antigens) reflects the extent of progress in breast cancer, which increases mostly from mid-to-late tumours. CEA levels can also reflect treatment outcomes. Early detection of breast cancer, early diagnosis and early treatment are key to improving the cure rate and reducing mortality. In this case, video-testing plays a crucial role in early detection of breast cancer, with ultrasound, X-ray and MRI commonly used in clinical video-testing. The pathology diagnosis is the “gold standard” for the determination of breast cancer by “identifying the body” of the tumour tissue under a microscope, the choice of treatments that are often used, the effects of the tumour treatment and the prognosis (1) the cytology of a fine needle draws the cytology Rapid, cheap, almost pain-free and quick to obtain results. However, only cells are available, not tissue samples, making it difficult to identify leaching or in situ cancer. (ii) A biopsy of a hollow needle piercing operation, which produces slices of the pathological tissue in the cookstove, etc., through a hollow needle. (3) Excision biopsy, i.e. a small operation, a pathological examination to remove a suspicious disease and to observe the presence of cancer cells under a microscope, only in cases where there are no conditions for an epipsy and an epipsy does not provide a clear diagnosis. Breast screening does not increase the rate of tumour transfer, nor does it increase the chance of local recurrences, after routine and reasonable treatment.
