Anesthesia plays an important role
in surgery. For obese patients, dietary control during the preparation period of anesthesia is the most important. This is not only closely related to the safety of surgery, but also has a profound impact on the quality of postoperative rehabilitation. The following will elaborate on why obese patients should attach great importance to dietary control before anesthesia, and provide a series of practical suggestions to provide strong support for your surgical preparation. 1. The importance of dietary control before anesthesia in obese patients to relieve respiratory pressure. Obese patients often face respiratory pressure, such as decreased respiratory reserve and oxygen reserve. These factors increase the risk of respiratory accidents during surgery. Therefore, dietary control before anesthesia can help reduce the pressure on the respiratory system. Cardiovascular system protection The cardiovascular system of obese patients may be damaged, such as coronary heart disease, hypertension and so on. Anesthetic drugs can inhibit the cardiovascular system to a certain extent, and reasonable dietary regulation can reduce the pressure of the cardiovascular system and improve the safety of surgery. The metabolic rate of obese patients may be different from that of normal people, which will affect the metabolism and excretion of anesthetic drugs. Through dietary regulation, the metabolic state of patients can be optimized to ensure that the role of anesthetics in the body is more stable and controllable. 2. The basic principle of dietary regulation before anesthesia is to regulate preoperative fasting and drinking. Preoperative fasting and drinking is the routine step of surgical preparation. For obese patients, because of the longer emptying time of gastric contents, more stringent fasting and drinking regulations are needed. According to the latest anesthesiology guidelines, the recommendations are as follows: Clear drinks (such as water, sugar-free drinks, non-residue juice): Stop drinking at least 2 hours before surgery. Dairy products and starchy foods: Stop eating at least 6 hours before operation. Meat, high-fat foods, and solid foods: Stop eating at least 8 hours before surgery. Choose low-fat, digestible foods. Preoperative diet should be based on low-fat, digestible foods to reduce the amount and pressure of gastric contents and reduce the risk of vomiting and aspiration during surgery. Recommended foods include gruel, steamed eggs, noodles, etc. Avoid excitant and high risk food. Avoid excitant and high risk food before operation, such as spicy food, alcohol, coffee, etc. These foods may irritate the gastrointestinal tract and increase the risk of surgery. 3. Practical strategies of dietary control for obese patients before anesthesia. Plan diet plan in advance. Start planning the diet plan a few days before the operation, and gradually transition to low-fat, digestible food. This helps to reduce the pressure on the gastrointestinal tract and reduce the risk of surgery. Follow personalized guidance. Everyone’s physical condition and surgical needs are different, so the dietary control plan before anesthesia should be different from person to person. Be sure to follow the doctor’s personalized instructions and do not change the diet without authorization. Maintaining water balance Although fasting is required before surgery, it is equally important to maintain a proper water balance. Drinking a moderate amount of water helps to maintain the normal metabolism of the body within the allowable time. Emphasis on nutritional supplementation and balanced preoperative dietary control should not lead to malnutrition. Under the guidance of doctors, some nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, can be supplemented appropriately to ensure balanced and adequate nutrition. Psychological adjustment and relaxation The tension before surgery may affect diet and sleep. Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing and meditation can help relieve tension and improve the preoperative state. 4. Postoperative Diet Recovery and Precautions Postoperative Drinking and Eating Timing After surgery, patients need to start drinking after the anesthesia effect subsides and the throat reflex recovers, usually about 6 hours. With the doctor’s confirmation, you can gradually start eating liquid food. Choose light, digestible food, postoperative diet should be light, digestible food, such as gruel, lotus root starch, fruit juice and so on. Avoid greasy, spicy, irritating and indigestible foods to reduce the burden on the gastrointestinal tract. With the gradual recovery of the body, you can gradually transition to semi-liquid food and soft food, and then gradually return to normal diet. However, we should avoid overeating and maintain reasonable eating habits. Focus on nutrition and weight management Obese patients should pay more attention to nutrition and weight management after surgery. Under the guidance of doctors, we should formulate a reasonable diet plan to control weight gain and promote physical recovery. The dietary control of obese patients before anesthesia is an indispensable part of surgical preparation. Reasonable dietary regulation can reduce the risk of surgery, improve the safety of surgery and promote postoperative rehabilitation. Hope that this article can provide you with useful guidance, I wish you a smooth operation, a speedy recovery!
