In the field of medicine, anaesthesia is a vital technology that allows patients to temporarily lose consciousness and pain during surgery or treatment, thus ensuring the smooth operation and the safety of patients. However, diet before and after anaesthesia and drug management are equally critical to the success of the operation and the recovery of the patient. The following is a general medical-type article on pre- and post-aesthesia diet and drug management to help readers better understand and comply with the requirements.
(i) Pre-aesthesia dietary management: The main purpose of pre-aesthesia dietary management is to ensure that the stomach of the patient during the operation is free of food residues in order to prevent adverse effects such as vomiting, asphyxiation, etc. caused by anaesthesia. These adverse effects may not only endanger the life of the patient but may also affect the smooth operation. 1. The normal duration of the fast is that a patient who has a choice of surgery is required to fast six to eight hours prior to the operation. Specific times of fasting vary depending on the type of operation and the patient ‘ s physical condition. For example, for surgery requiring a full-body anaesthesia, the period of fasting may be longer to ensure that the patient ‘ s stomach is completely emptied. For some local or surface anesthesia operations, the duration of the fast may be relatively short. 2. Water supplements during fasting are necessary for patients to be aware of water supplements during fasting. Adequate quantities of drinking water help to maintain normal metabolism in the body. It needs to be noted, however, that patients should refrain from drinking caffeine-containing beverages, since caffeine affects the absorption of narcotic drugs. Patients may choose to drink non-solid foods such as water, salt water or fruitless juice. 3. The dietary preparation of special patients needs to be more sophisticated for certain special patients, such as infants, newborns, diabetics, etc. In the case of infants and newborns, because of the low stock of sugar, after a period of time, a glycerous fluid should be injected into the ward to prevent low blood sugar and dehydration. Diabetes patients should be careful to monitor blood sugar and, if necessary, intravenous infusion fluids in the ward to maintain blood sugar stability.
Pre-aesthesia management: Pre-aesthesia use consists mainly of sedatives, painkillers and anticholines. The use of these drugs helps to reduce the stress of patients, reduce stress during surgery and increase the anesthesia effect. 1. The use of a drug type of sedative hypnotics, such as diazine, helps to alleviate the anxiety and make it easier for patients to sleep. Analgesics: Morphine, for example, can reduce the pain of the patient and increase the resistance of the operation. Anticholines: Atropines, for example, can inhibit glands, reduce excretion and vomiting in surgery and reduce the risk of asphyxiation. The dose of pre-aesthetic drugs should be determined on the basis of the patient’s specific circumstances. For example, an old and infirm patient or a nervous patient may need to adjust the dose appropriately. Care should be taken in the use of anticholines in cases of high heat, summer or hysteria. For children, the dose of anticholines may need to be increased, due to the glandic glands. 3. When medical care is used before anaesthesia, the patient shall inform the doctor in detail of his or her medical condition and of his or her medical history, so that he or she may develop a suitable drug programme. At the same time, the patient should be careful to observe his or her state of health and, in case of discomfort or unusual reaction, inform the doctor in a timely manner.
After anaesthesia: Once anaesthesia has been restored, the gastrointestinal function of the patient may not have been fully restored, at a time when a gradual return to normal diet is required. 1. During the first stages of the operation, the patient should start with the fluid food, such as congee, rice soup, powder, etc. These foods are thicker than other foods, but they are still easy to digest and absorb. At this stage, patients can add, in appropriate quantities, fresh vegetable juice or fruit mud to supplement the vitamins and minerals they need. 2. With the gradual recovery of the gastrointestinal function, the patients can gradually transition to semi-tropical foods such as softly cooked vegetables, skinny meat, soft meals, etc. These foods are not only easy to digest and absorb, but also provide more nutritional support to patients. 3. At the normal eating stage, the patient may gradually recover to normal eating habits after the doctor has confirmed that the patient ‘ s gastrointestinal function has been substantially restored and that he or she can eat normally. At this point, patients should, as far as possible, choose food that is protein-rich, vitamins and minerals, such as skinny meat, fish, beans, eggs, and fresh vegetables and fruit. At the same time, the patient should be careful about the way the food is cooked, and should make every effort to choose healthy methods such as evaporation, stew, etc., and avoid unhealthy ways such as fried or barbecue.
Post-aesthetic drug management: After anaesthesia, doctors may prescribe drugs to help patients with pain, prevent infection or promote recovery. 1. Patients who take drugs on time and on time shall strictly follow the doctor ‘ s instructions and take the drugs on time and on the basis of the scale. No self-reducing dosage or detoxification may be allowed to affect the efficacy of the drug or increase the risk of adverse effects. In the course of the use of drugs, the patient shall observe his or her condition. In case of ill or unusual reactions, such as dizziness, nausea, vomiting, rash, etc., doctors should be informed in a timely manner. The doctor adjusts the medication programme or other treatments in a timely manner in accordance with the patient ‘ s symptoms and reactions. 3. If patients are using other drugs, including prescription drugs, non-prescribed drugs and Chinese herbs, they should be informed on their own initiative. Because certain drugs may interact, they affect the efficacy of the drug or increase the risk of adverse effects. The doctor will develop a programme of reasonable use, based on the patient ‘ s specific circumstances and history of use, to ensure the patient ‘ s safety and rational use. Summary: Eating before and after anaesthesia and drug management are important components that cannot be overlooked during the operation. Patients need to exercise strict control over their diet, under the guidance of a doctor, to ensure the safe and smooth operation.
Anaesthesia.
