A double physical and psychological blow was inflicted on the patient in his or her head, and after hospital treatment, family rehabilitation became an important stage in his or her recovery and return to normal life. Family rehabilitation is carried out without the patient ‘ s own efforts and the patient support and care of the family.
First, physical rehabilitation is a key component of family rehabilitation. In cases of paralysis or physical incapacitation, a simple passive exercise can be carried out at an early stage. The family can assist the patient in the movement of four limb joints, such as the front, back stretch, outreach, elbow stretch, wrist rotation, hip stretch, outreach, inner collection, knee stretch and ankle back and constriction, which repeats 5 – 10 times each, 2 – 3 times a day, in order to promote the blood cycle and prevent joint spasms and muscle contraction. When a patient has a certain strength in his or her body, he or she can gradually move to active exercise. Patients are encouraged to practice hand lifts, fists, legs lifts, standing, walking, etc., starting with simple actions, gradually increasing the difficulty and intensity. For example, practice turns over on the bed, sits, then attempts to stand by the bed, walk at short distances, etc. When patients practice walking, family members are required to protect and support them from falling. Assistive devices such as mobility aids and crutches can be used to help maintain balance and stability.
Language functional training is equally important for people with speech impairments. Families interact more with patients, starting with simple pronunciations, such as “a” “o” “e”, and then gradually moving to words, short sentences and daily conversations. Language training through identification, naming, etc., can be provided by means of complementary tools such as pictures, cards, and objects. For example, a picture of an apple was produced to allow the patient to say the word “apple” or to allow the patient to describe the contents of the picture. It also allows patients to repeat simple sentences with their families, such as “I want to drink water”, “It’s a nice day”, and gradually improves their ability to speak and understand their language. In the course of the training, family members must be patient and encouraging, and should not be anxious to correct or criticize patients because of their inaccurate pronunciation or lack of fluency, so as not to discourage them.
Nor should cognitive training be overlooked. The brain is likely to lead to cognitive problems such as memory loss, lack of focus and orientation disorders. Families can help patients with cognitive training through simple games and activities. For example, it allows patients to perform puzzle games, build blocks, beans, etc. in order to exercise their attention, observation and hand-eye coordination. It is also possible to remember things from the past with patients, such as family meetings, travel experiences, etc., or to allow patients to recite simple poems, numbers, etc. to help them improve their memory. In addition, targeted training in daily life, such as identification of time, date, season, knowledge of one ‘ s room, placement of household items, etc., helps to restore the patient ‘ s orientation.
In addition to functional training, the development of daily life skills is an important component of family rehabilitation. Patients are encouraged to carry out their daily activities as far as possible, such as dressing, washing, eating, toilet, etc. In carrying out these activities, the family may provide appropriate guidance and assistance, but not a complete alternative. For example, when wearing clothes, the patient is allowed to try to put on his/her own clothes, and his/her family can be accompanied by a reminder of which sleeve he/she wears first, how to tie his/her buttons, etc.; when eating, the person is given the means to use the food himself, starting with simple food, which is gradually making it more difficult to exercise his/her hands and self-care.
Psychological rehabilitation also holds an important place in the family rehabilitation of patients in their heads. Patients often suffer from adverse feelings of anxiety, depression and low self-esteem after a disease, and family members closely monitor the psychological changes of the patient and give the patient adequate care, support and encouragement. Communication with patients, listening to their voices and making them feel the love and warmth of their families. Patients are encouraged to participate in social events, such as meetings with relatives and friends, community events, etc., to help them to re-establish social relationships and enhance self-confidence. For patients with more serious emotional problems, they can seek help from a professional psychologist or doctor for psychological guidance and treatment.
In the family rehabilitation process, attention is also paid to the dietary nutrition and safety of patients. In the diet, the patient is guaranteed sufficient nutrients such as proteins, vitamins and minerals to promote physical recovery. More good-quality protein-rich food, such as skinny meat, fish, eggs, beans, etc., as well as fresh vegetables and fruit, is given to patients. At the same time, care should be taken to control the intake of salt, oil and sugar and to avoid complications such as high blood pressure, high blood resin and high blood sugar. In terms of safety and protection, appropriate modifications to the family environment, such as the installation of hand-lifts in the bathroom, skis, fences on the side of the bed, etc., prevent the occurrence of accidents such as a person ‘ s fall or slip.
The family rehabilitation of the mentally ill is a long-term and difficult task, requiring the patient and his family to work together and persevere. Through scientifically sound family rehabilitation training, patients are expected to gradually recover their physical, linguistic and cognitive functions, improve their ability to take care of themselves in everyday life, reintegrate into society and lead a quality life.
Brain infarction.
