General articles for breast cancer patients
Basic introduction to breast cancer – Definitions: Breast cancer is a malignant tumour that occurs in the mammography and is one of the most common malignant tumours in women, and it can also occur to men, but it is rare. – Incidence: the incidence of breast cancer has increased globally in recent years. In China, the incidence rate is significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas. Women of all ages are at risk, but the peak age is 45-55 years. Symptoms of breast cancer 1. Breast swollen: This is the most common symptom of breast cancer, with about 80 per cent of patients being first diagnosed with breast swollen through accidental exposure. The swellings are mostly single-headed, hard-tempered, irregular on the edges, often smooth on the surface, and usually pain-free, but there are also a small number of patients who can be accompanied by varying degrees of pain or sting. Breast-leaving fluids: Blood, plasma, milk, sept, or breast-leaving for more than six months from the end of the period of non-pregnancy, are also from the breast-leaving fluids. Single-sided haematological fluids need to be examined further, with greater emphasis on breast swollen. Breast skin change: – “Direct intoxication”: Tumour attacks on Cooper’s lactation bands, which connect to the skin of the breast and the deep pecs of the pecs, shortens it and renders it inelastic, pulls it to the skin of the corresponding part of the skin and has a small dent, like a dimple. – “Orange plaster changes”: cancer cells block lymph tubes, resulting in many small dots of dents in the skin of the breast, similar to orange skin. – “Dermal satellite knots”: Late breast cancer, cancer cells immerse and grow in the skin along the lymphatic, gland or fibrous tissue, and skin formation around the main cancer cookstoves spread in distributed hard and hard knots. nipples, tizziness: tumours in or near the depth of the nipples can cause a nipple retrenchment; they can also cause a nipple to recede or lift when a large catheter in the breast is violated and condensed. Breast-grass cancers can be seen in the form of nipple skin itching, curving, pulsing, grafting, grafting, burning, so that the nipples can recede. 5. Entropy lymphoma swollen: At the beginning, the lymphoma swollen from the same armpit lymphoma swollen and swollen, scattered and proximate. The lymph knots are gradually integrated as the condition evolves and are attached to the skin and the surrounding tissue. The transfer of lymph knots can be touched later on the collarbone and on the side armpit. 1. Genetic factors: The risk of breast cancer is significantly increased if there are breast cancer patients in the family, especially in the immediate family of the mother and sister. 2. Hormonal factors: The levels of estrogen and pregnancy hormone in women are closely related to the incidence of breast cancer. For example, the early onset of menstruation (before the age of 12), late confinement (after the age of 52) and the long-term use of exogenous estrogens increase the risk of breast cancer. 3. Lifestyle factor – Obesity: Fatty tissue in obese women produces more estrogens, and higher levels of internal estrogens may increase the risk of breast cancer. – Undesired eating habits: excessive consumption of high-fat, sugary foods and lack of food, such as vegetables and fruits, rich in vitamins and food fibres, may increase the risk of breast cancer. – Lack of physical activity: chronic lack of physical activity, reduced body immunity and the risk of breast cancer. – Long-term stay, smoking, drinking: these poor living habits affect the endocrine and immune systems of the body and increase the incidence of breast cancer. 4. Environmental factors: Long-term exposure to hazardous environments such as radiation and chemical substances may increase the risk of breast cancer. Diagnosis of breast cancer 1. Breast screening: – Breast X-line photography (mammography of mammograms): one of the main methods of breast cancer screening, which can be detected in clinical examinations of breast cancer that does not touch the swelling, usually for women over 40 years of age. – Magenta: No radiation damage to the human body, which is desirable for young women and for memorized breast, can be used for a preliminary assessment of the nature of the mammogram. – MRI screening: multiple stoves and small, multi-centres can be found, and MRI screening can be conducted for patients in difficult cases or who require further assessment. 2. Pathological examination: The test for confirmation is the organization of a pathological diagnosis, which can generally be performed by obtaining tissue samples by means of a stabbing biopsy, surgical cision, etc. Treatment of breast cancer 1. Surgery: The main means of breast cancer treatment, including breast-puffing, mammography, lymphomy, etc. Doctors choose the appropriate procedure depending on the patient ‘ s condition, the size and location of the tumor. 2. Chemotherapy: the risk of post-operative relapse and transfer is reduced by using chemical drugs to kill cancer cells. Breast cancer patients usually require multiple sessions of chemotherapy. 3. Release: The use of radioactivity to kill cancer cells can strengthen the effects of surgery and reduce the risk of relapse. 4. Endocrine treatment: The use of hormone-positive breast cancer to regulate hormonal levels in patients, thereby inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. Targeting treatment: The treatment of specific gene mutations in breast cancer patients applies to Her – 2 positive breast cancer patients, which can significantly improve the treatment. 1. To ensure a balanced diet and to eat more of the food that contains protein, vitamins and minerals, such as skinny meat, fish, eggs, fresh vegetables and fruit. Low-fat dairy products have the potential to reduce the risk of breast cancer, but high-fat dairy products such as butter, cheese, cream etc. should be avoided. – Bean products may be consumed in appropriate quantities, but no soybean isoketone extraction or related health care is recommended. – Be careful with calcium recharge, which can be fed with sufficient calcium by diet, such as milk, beans, deep green vegetables and, if necessary, calcium, subject to medical guidance. 2. Sports: Appropriate sports contribute to increased body immunity and rehabilitation. Patients can choose their own sports, such as walking, yoga and swimming, but avoid overwork. 3. Psychological aspects: Maintaining a good mind is important for the rehabilitation of breast cancer patients. Patients are actively confronted with disease, learn to release stress, and can alleviate anxiety, depression, etc. by communicating with family, friends, and participating in psychological counselling. 4. Periodic review: After treatment, patients with breast cancer need to undergo regular review in order to detect signs of relapse or transfer in a timely manner and to adjust treatment programmes in a timely manner. In general, the post-operative period is reviewed every three months for two years; the post-operative period is 2-5 years for every six months; and the post-operative period is reviewed for more than five years for every one year. In short, breast cancer is a serious disease, but through early detection, regulation of treatment and scientific rehabilitation management, patients can improve the cure rate and quality of life. Women should undergo regular breast examinations to monitor their breast health and, in the event of abnormal symptoms, should have access to timely medical care.
