General knowledge of pharmacological drugs
Capricorn drugs, an important branch of β-neamide antibiotics, have become an integral part of modern medicine since first discovered in the 1960s. With its broad spectrum of resistance to bacterial activity, low toxicity and relatively low resistance, such drugs are widely used globally to treat various bacterial infections.
I. Description of headline drugs
Capricorn is an antibiotic that is extracted or semi-composed from a metabolic (e.g., concussion) of fungi chain fungi. By inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, they are microbicides, active in a variety of grelan positive and negative bacteria, including strains resistant to penicillin.
Classification and algebra
Heading drugs are divided into five generations depending on their antibacterial spectrum, chemical structure and time of development. Each generation has its particular advantages and limitations:
1. First-generation guillotine: mainly for Greland positives, such as Gléngorella and streptococcus, but with limited effect.
2. Second-generation guillotine: expanded coverage of the grenyl fungi while maintaining the activity of certain grenyl positive bacteria.
3. Third-generation hemorrhoids: the antibacterial spectrum has been further broadened, particularly with regard to the greater activity of intestinal bacteria (e.g., coli-eshicella) which is often used for the treatment of severe infections.
4. The fourth generation of poaching: on a third-generation basis, the activity of drug-resistant strains, such as the pseudosynx, has been enhanced and applied to complex or incurable infections.
The fifth generation of headbrushes: the latest generation, aimed at addressing the problem of multi-drug-resistant bacteria, especially “superbacterial bacteria” such as the pneumonia Creberella and Bowmanacter.
III. ROLE MECHANISMS
The cortex drug, combined with the bacterium penicillin, interferes with the conjunctivation of bacterial cell glycerine, which hinders cell wall synthesis and eventually causes bacterial cell rupture and death. Since humans and other mammalian cells do not have cell walls, head spores are relatively safe for human cells.
IV. Clinical applications
Head spores are widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections in various parts of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin soft tissue, bone joints and abdominal cavities. The specific use of a headache drug is determined by the type of infection, the severity of the infection, the type of fungi and the specific circumstances of the patient (e.g. allergy history, liver and kidney function). For example, while minor urinary tract infections may require only second-generation oral head spasms, severe in-house infections may require intravenous third-generation or higher-level headaches.
V. Caution and side effects
Although headline drugs are usually considered safe, the following points require attention when used:
1. Allergies: Although less sensitive than penicillin, there is still a risk of cross-sensitivity, which should be questioned about the history of allergies prior to their first use and the necessary leather tests.
2. Drug resistance: Unreasonable use of antibiotics can lead to resistance of bacteria, and the whole course of treatment should be completed on medical advice, even if the symptoms are mitigated earlier, and no unauthorized stoppage should take place.
3. Drug interaction: Head spasms may interact with other drugs, such as monitoring of the blood function when used with anticondensants.
4. Use by special groups of the population: pregnant women, nursing mothers, children and the elderly must be used with caution and, if necessary, at doses or with other drugs.
5. Side effects: Common side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea), rashes, etc., and the potential for acute cases such as allergic shock.
The rational use of head spasms as an important weapon for the treatment of bacterial infections is essential to control infection and reduce complications.
