Genetic breast cancer: What type is more easily transmitted to the next generation?
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours in women, some of which are closely related to genetic factors. So what kind of breast cancer is more likely to be passed on to the next generation?
1. BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations: BRCA1 and BRCA2 are two genes closely related to the risk of breast and ovarian cancer. The risk of breast cancer among women carrying these genes has increased significantly. About 5-10 per cent of breast cancer cases are statistically related to a genetic mutation of BRCA1 or BRCA2.
Other gene mutations: In addition to BRCA1 and BRCA2, a number of genetic mutations are also associated with the genetic risk of breast cancer, such as TP53, PTEN, CDH1. These mutations, while relatively rare, can also increase the risk of breast cancer. 3. Genetic breast cancer syndrome: Genetic breast cancer syndrome means a syndrome in which the risk of breast cancer due to one or more genetic mutations increases significantly. Of these, the most common were Li-Fraumeni and Cowden. These syndromes increase the risk not only of breast cancer but also of other cancers.
4. Impact of family history: Family history is an important factor in assessing the genetic risk of breast cancer. If there are multiple first-degree relatives in the family (e.g. mothers, sisters or daughters) with breast cancer, especially at an earlier age (e.g. before the age of 50), the risk of individual breast cancer increases accordingly.
How is the risk of genetic breast cancer assessed? The following measures can be taken to assess women who fear the risk of genetic breast cancer:
Family history survey: Ask in detail whether there is a history of breast cancer or other related cancer in the family.
Genetic testing: Genetic tests make it possible to determine whether or not to carry a BRCA1, BRCA2 or other genetic mutation associated with breast cancer.
3. Clinical assessment: Doctors make comprehensive assessments based on age, family history, personal history, etc., and make recommendations accordingly.
Preventive measures: The following preventive measures can be taken for women who are known to be carrying BRCA1, BRCA2 or other genetic mutations associated with breast cancer: 1. Periodic screening: regular mammography (mammograms) and breast ultrasound for early detection of breast cancer. 2. Drug prevention: For women at high risk, doctors may recommend the use of drugs to reduce the risk of breast cancer. 3. Lifestyle adjustment: Maintaining healthy lifestyles, such as balanced diet, adequate exercise, avoidance of smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, also helps reduce the risk of breast cancer.
Summary: In summary, the mutation of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes is one of the main factors leading to genetic breast cancer. However, other genetic mutations and genetic breast cancer syndromes may also increase the risk of breast cancer. For women who fear the risk of genetic breast cancer, family history surveys and genetic tests are recommended for early detection and appropriate preventive measures. At the same time, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is an important means of reducing the risk of breast cancer.
Breast cancer
