Genetic risk and prevention of breast cancer
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in women and its incidence is among the highest in the world. It is noteworthy that breast cancer has a certain genetic tendency, which means that the risk of breast cancer among the population with a history of breast cancer in the family can increase significantly.
The geneticity of breast cancer is mainly the result of mutations in specific genes that can be transmitted directly from parents to children, leading to breast cell proliferation anomalies that may eventually develop into breast cancer. Of these, BRCA1 and BRCA2 are the two most familiar breast cancer-prone genes. Those carrying these genetic mutations are at a much higher risk of breast cancer than the general population and may even reach 60 to 90 per cent. In addition, these mutations may increase the risk of ovarian cancer, male breast cancer and other cancers. However, breast cancer is not a genetic disease in the non-traditional sense, and it is not transmitted directly to children from their parents. In addition to direct genetic transmission, the genetic risk of breast cancer may also be transmitted through indirect genetic means, possibly as a result of the sharing of certain genetic characteristics or environmental factors among family members. Even in the absence of significant genetic mutations, the risk of illness among family members affects each other.
Breast health should be given high priority for those with family history of breast cancer, especially those with genetically modified genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2, and proactive preventive measures should be taken to reduce the risk of disease. This includes regular mammograms, such as mammography, molybdenum, etc., for early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. At the same time, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is one of the important measures to prevent breast cancer, including regular exercise, balanced diet and the prevention of obesity. It is noteworthy that the genetic risk of breast cancer is not immutable. A genetic test allows for an assessment of the risk of breast cancer by knowing whether or not they carry certain sensitive genetic mutations associated with breast cancer. In addition to the above-mentioned preventive measures, further interventions such as prophylactic mastectomy or drug treatment may be considered for populations with high-risk genetic mutations.
Overall, the genetic risk of breast cancer is a complex and important issue. For people with family history, it is essential to understand their own genetic risks and take proactive preventive measures. Through scientific research and technological progress, we can gain a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms of breast cancer and provide better prevention and treatment programmes for high-risk groups. Women are also called upon to pay attention to breast health and to conduct regular breast screenings in order to reduce breast cancer morbidity and mortality.
