Take you to know the blood fat.
Blood lipid is a general term for cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and lipids (such as phospholipids) in serum. Cholesterol and triglyceride (TG)
are the main blood lipids closely related to clinic.
Cholesterol is an indispensable component of the human body. There are two major sources of cholesterol: cholesterol synthesized in the body (endogenous) and cholesterol ingested from food (exogenous).
Four major members
of the
cholesterol family
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C): The devil’s “bad” cholesterol, which promotes blood vessel blockage, is the “culprit”
of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C): Angel “good” cholesterol that stops clogged
blood vessels
Total Cholesterol (TC): The sum
of the cholesterol contained in the blood plasma.
· Triglyceride (TG): It is related
to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
What is “hyperlipidemia”?
Hyperlipidemia, also known as “hyperlipidemia”, refers to elevated levels of cholesterol and (or) triglycerides in the blood.
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥ 4.1mmol/L (160mg/DL)
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) < 1.0mmol/L (40mg/DL)
· Total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) ≥ 6.2mmol/L (240mg/DL)
· Triglyceride (TG) ≥ 2.3mm ol/L (200mg/DL)
Hyperlipidemia is usually silent and can be described as an “invisible killer”.
Most patients with hyperlipidemia have no symptoms and abnormal signs, but are found in routine blood biochemical tests, which is called “invisible killer”.
Some clinical signs may indicate the presence of hyperlipidemia: xanthoma, coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, etc., acute pancreatitis
Hyperlipidemia is an important “culprit
” of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Increased
“bad” cholesterol
Atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
Cerebral infarction
Myocardial infarction
Atherosclerosis leads to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
.
Stable plaque → unstable plaque → plaque rupture and thrombosis. In the whole process, lipid deposition, inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrous cap gradually thinning, slowly evolving into unstable plaques, plaque rupture, thrombosis, and ultimately lead to the occurrence
of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are important causes
of death and disability.
· In the proportion of disease deaths among urban and rural residents in China in 2017, 2 out of every 5 deaths were due to cardiovascular diseases
.
· Stroke survivors: 3 out of every 4 patients are disabled
Good
management of blood lipids is essential for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases!
Studies have shown that lipid-lowering therapy in the Chinese population in 2016-2030 can avoid 9.7 million cases of acute myocardial infarction, 7.8 million stroke events and 3.4 million cardiovascular deaths
.
The ultimate goal
of hyperlipidemia treatment is to reduce the risk
of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. The goal
of hyperlipidemia treatment is to provention and control cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and reduce the risk of cardiovascular clinical events such as myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke (cerebral infarction) or coronary heart disease death.
Controlling “bad” cholesterol is the key
to keep away from the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
“Bad” cholesterol (LDL-C) plays a central role
in the morbidity of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Controlling “bad” cholesterol is the key to keep away from the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases! Reduce serum LDL-C levels to provention and control the risk
of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
Do you have these common cognitive misunderstandings
about the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia?
· Fish oil health products can be used to reduce blood lipids: fish oil health products can moderately reduce triglycerides, but there is no cholesterol-lowering effect, and there is no evidence to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
Regular infusion to reduce blood fat and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: There is no scientific basis for regular infusion to dredge blood vessels. Infusion has many potential risks, such as increasing the burden on the heart, possible infusion reactions during infusion, and drug allergies.
High
blood lipids are caused by eating, eating less and moving more: the sources of cholesterol in the body include daily diet and the body’s own synthesis. Reducing cholesterol intake alone does not help, nor does it reduce endogenous cholesterol synthesis
.
Physical examination of hyperlipidemia requires both lifestyle intervention and drug treatment
① Lifestyle improvement
Healthy lifestyle is the basis of blood lipid management, control the intake of cholesterol in the diet, increase the intake
of vegetables, fruits, crude fiber foods, etc.
Maintain a healthy weight, physical activity: Moderate intensity exercise is recommended 5 to 7 days a week, 30 minutes each time, smoking cessation and alcohol
restriction.
② Medication
Statins can reduce LDL-C and are the first-line lipid-lowering drugs
to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
At present, the lipid-lowering drugs available in clinic include statins, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, fibrates, niacin, etc. Statins are the cornerstone
of drugs for the treatment of dyslipidemia.
Statins can effectively reduce “bad” cholesterol by reducing the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, which is currently recognized by the medical community as a first-line drug
with strong efficacy in reducing LDL-C and significantly reducing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
In short, hyperlipidemia is a disease that can be prevented and cured. Patients should be fully aware of the harm of hyperlipidemia, actively adjust their lifestyle, carry out drug treatment when necessary, and regularly review. Only in this way can we effectively control hyperlipidemia, reduce the risk of complications such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, improve the quality of life and maintain health.
