Prevention of infection: comprehensive health care guidelines
In modern societies, infectious diseases have been a major threat to human health. Both the common cold and the global epidemic highlight the importance of preventing infection. Understanding and applying effective science-based strategies to prevent infection is key to safeguarding our health.
I. Details of daily protection: building the first line of defence against infection
At the core of daily protection lies the denial of pathogen contact with the human body. In terms of hand protection, it is customary to clean hands at any time and in any place. For example, hands should be washed in a timely manner when travelling on public transport, when the money is in contact, etc. Use handwashing fluids with anti-bacterial components, with careful arm-washing of all parts of the hands, including wrists, backs, between fingers and under fingernails, for a period of not less than 30 seconds at a time. If the conditions do not permit the washing of hands, it is also possible to find a contingency with easy-to-use disinfectant towels or free disinfectant gels.
The protection of the face must also not be overlooked. The mucous membranes of the eyes, nasal cavities and mouths are areas where pathogens are vulnerable to intrusion. In densely populated or contaminated environments, avoid touching the face by hand and reduce the chance of pathogen infections through mucous membranes. If a cough or sneeze is required, it is important to use paper towels or elbows to hide noses and noses to prevent foaming from spreading pathogens to others or contaminating the surrounding environment.
II. Living space management: towards a clean and safe living environment
Clean and healthy family environments are important for preventing infection. The house is regularly cleaned in depth and focuses on the surface of objects that are frequently exposed, such as door handles, remote controls, mobile phones, etc. The surfaces of the articles are susceptible to residual pathogens and can be wiped with disinfectants, but care is taken to select the appropriate disinfectant to avoid damage to the articles.
Indoor ventilation is key to keeping the air clean and reducing the concentration of pathogens. At least twice a day, at least 30 minutes. In wet seasons or areas, care is taken to prevent fungus growth by using dehumidifiers and keeping indoor humidity within a suitable range. Beds for bedrooms are replaced at least once a week and are tanned in the sun and UV-based.
Socialization and mobility: key links in reducing the risk of infection
In social activities, maintaining appropriate social distance is an important measure to prevent the spread of respiratory infections. Large-scale gathering is avoided, especially during the epidemic. In the event of participation in events such as a party, a distance of at least 1 metre or more should be maintained.
When travelling, a relatively safe means of transport is chosen. When using public transport, choose as few hours as possible, wear a mask and avoid over-exposure to public facilities in cars. Persons travelling on their own will also be regularly cleaned and sterilized, particularly in areas of frequent contact such as steering wheel, seating, etc.
Food and health security: prevention of infection at its root
Eating is a potential route to the infection of pathogens, and it is therefore essential to guarantee dietary hygiene. In the procurement of food, formal markets and businesses are selected, and the appearance, packaging and shelf life of food is carefully checked. For fresh foods, such as meat, poultry, seafood, etc., it is important to ensure the safety of their sources and to avoid cross-contamination during the processing process.
Before eating fruit and vegetables, adequate cleaning is done with liquid water to remove pesticide residues on the surface and possible pathogens. To avoid eating uncooked food, especially meat, eggs and dairy products, high-temperature cooking can kill most pathogens and provide food security.
V. ENHANCEMENT OFSELF-EQUIPMENT: INSTITUTIONAL DEFENCE BUILDING IN THE BODY
Increased immunity is fundamental to preventing infection. The regularity is the basis for ensuring the proper functioning of the immune system, with a high-quality sleep of 7 – 8 hours per day and adequate rest and recovery of the body. Excessive fatigue weakens the functioning of the immune system and increases the likelihood of infection.
Moderate physical exercise enhances physical resistance. You can choose your own way of moving, like yoga, jogging, cycling, etc. At least 3 – 5 campaigns per week, each in more than 30 minutes, to promote blood circulation and metabolism and to enable immune system cells to function more effectively.
Furthermore, maintaining a positive optimism has a positive impact on immunity. Long-term stress inhibits the immune system and helps to maintain the body ‘ s immune balance through relaxation skills such as deep breath, meditation, etc.
VI. Special circumstances and protection of populations: a targeted prevention strategy
More stringent measures are needed to prevent and control infection in specific settings, such as hospitals, nursing homes, etc. Hospitals are required to improve the disinfection and ventilation of wards, and health-care personnel are required to comply strictly with sterile practices to prevent sexual infections in hospitals. In the case of nursing homes, care is taken of the health of the elderly and the management of visitors is strengthened to avoid the introduction of pathogens.
For special groups, such as children, the elderly, pregnant women and people with chronic diseases, their immunity is relatively weak and their need for more focused protection is greater. Children must be vaccinated on time and parents must take care of their child ‘ s hygiene; the elderly must take care of their warmth and nutritional supplements; pregnant women must follow the advice of doctors and take care of their pregnancy; and patients with chronic diseases must be actively involved in the treatment of primary diseases, control of their condition and increase their resilience.
Prevention of infection is a comprehensive project that requires us to be vigilant in all aspects of life and to strictly apply preventive measures. Only then can we effectively reduce the risk of infection and safeguard the health of ourselves and our families.
