Heart failure, abbreviated heart failure, is not an independent disease, but a clinical syndrome in which various heart diseases develop to a serious stage. When the heart is unable to effectively pump the blood to the body, a series of symptoms are triggered, seriously affecting the quality of life and even life of the patient. Understanding common symptoms of heart failure and treatment is essential for patients and their families.
I. Common symptoms of heart failure
1. Respiratory difficulties: this is one of the most marked symptoms of heart failure. Initially, the patient may only have short-temperature and short-respiratory conditions after intense exercise or fatigue, but as the disease progresses, it is difficult to breathe even when it is resting, even if it is severe, and it is necessary to take a seat or half-bed to alleviate it, known as a sit-in. Some of the patients may also suddenly wake up at night because of their breathing difficulties and are forced to sit with coughs, coughs, coughs of white foam or pink foams, which is difficult to breathe during the night.
2. Powerlessness and fatigue: due to reduced heart pump function, inadequate blood infusion in the whole body of tissue, lack of oxygen in the muscle tissue, frequent feeling of total inactivity, fatigue and a marked decrease in activity endurance. Even minor activities, such as walking, dressing, etc., can lead to extreme fatigue, which cannot be completely eliminated through rest.
Oedema: cardiac decay leads to circulation of blood, and the liquid accumulates in the lower tip of the body, resulting in oedema. Common oedema are lower limbs, in particular ankles and calves, which can be dented at pressure and slowly recover when released. When the condition is serious, the edema can spread upward to the thigh, abdomen, even to the chest, abdominal water, causing abdominal swelling and increased respiratory difficulties.
Coughs and coughs: In addition to coughs due to respiratory difficulties, lung silt caused by heart failure stimulates respiratory tracts and produces cough symptoms. Coughs are mostly dry or accompanied by a small amount of white slime and, in severe cases, can cough in pink foam, a typical expression of acute left heart failure.
5. Cardiac panic and heart palpitation: When the heart function is impaired, the heart accelerates the beating in return for normal blood circulation, resulting in a feeling of panic and heart palpation. At the same time, cardiac disorders are more common, such as early paces, tremors, etc., which can further exacerbate arrhythmia, and patients often feel that their heart beats irregularly or that their heart beats too fast and slow.
6. Less urine: A reduction in kidney blood flow is one of the common complications of heart failure. As a result of insufficient blood pumped from the heart, the kidneys were not provided with sufficient blood injection, urine generation was reduced and patients showed a marked decrease in urine, which could be less than 400 ml at 24 hours. The lack of urine is not only a symptom of heart failure, but can also lead to the accumulation of toxic and metabolic waste in the body, exacerbating the condition.
II. Treatment for heart failure
1. Lifestyle adjustment: The patient should maintain a low-salt diet with a daily salt intake of 2 – 3 grams to reduce sodium sodium retention and reduce the heart burden. The total daily liquid intake should normally be controlled at 1.5 – 2 litres, with strict control of liquid intake to avoid excessive drinking water. (c) Properly limit the volume of activity, organize activities according to the level of the heart function, and when the heart function is poor, the rest is the main factor, with a gradual increase in activity, such as walking, Tai Chi boxing, etc., after the condition has stabilized. Stop smoking, keep a good mind and avoid emotional and stressful.
2. Drug treatment:
– Retinants: e.g., fursam, hydrochloride, etc., by promoting urine excretion, reducing fluid retention in the body, reducing the front load of the heart and mitigating symptoms such as oedema and respiratory difficulties. However, in the use of urologists, care needs to be taken to monitor electrolyte to prevent electrolyte disorders such as potassium haematosis.
– ACEI or ARB: such drugs can expand the blood vessels, lower blood pressure and reduce the post-heart load, as well as inhibiting myocardial reorganisation, and help to slow progress in heart decay. The usual ACEIs are Catopli, Inapli, ARBs are chlorsatan, thathan, etc. Patients are required to monitor blood pressure, kidney function and potassium blood during use.
– Beta receptor retardants: Metolore, Pasilore et al. can slow down the heart rate, reduce oxygen consumption of myocardial muscles and improve heart function. In the early stages of use, however, there may be a temporary reduction in the heart function due to negative muscle effects, requiring a gradual increase in the dose from a small dose and close observation of the patient ‘ s symptoms and changes in the heart function.
– Oblastone receptor: formaldegenone receptor, such as propyl, can inhibit the effects of formaldehydesterone by reducing sodium sodium and myocardial fibrosis in water, combined with ACEI or ARB, and can further improve the prognosis of patients with heart failure. Care is to be taken to monitor potassium blood in order to avoid high potassium haematosis.
– Positive muscle drugs: For patients who are seriously ill and have a very poor heart function, positive muscle drugs, such as geocoxin, can be used for short periods of time in order to increase heart muscle contraction and output. However, long-term use may increase the risk of cardiac disorders, requiring careful use and close monitoring of blood concentration.
3. Non-pharmacological treatment:
– Cardiac resynchronisation treatment (CRT): applies to people with cardiac constrictions that are not synchronized by implanting a special pacemaker, synchronizing the right and right heart, increasing the blood-pumping efficiency of the heart, improving the function of the heart and the quality of life.
– ICD: For people at high risk of heart sudden death, ICD detects and terminates fatal heart disorders in time to prevent sudden death.
– Cardiac transplants: In the case of terminally ill patients, heart transplants are a highly assessed and effective treatment, but their application is limited by limited supply resources, high surgical risks and long-term post-operative immunosuppression treatment.
Cardiac failure is a serious cardiovascular disease, but through early detection of symptoms, positive lifestyle adjustments and non-pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological treatment, patients can alleviate symptoms to some extent, slow progress, improve the quality of life and extend their lifespan. Patients and family members should closely follow the changes, maintain good communication with doctors and work together to manage and treat diseases.
Heart failure.
