The heart, like a humanly sophisticated engine, and the heart valve, which is the critical “portal” in this engine, is routinely opened and shut down to ensure that the blood flows in one direction within the heart and that it sustains its normal pumping function. Once the heart valve changes, there will be serious effects on the blood circulation of the heart and the body as a whole. Cardiac valve disease is defined as a group of diseases in which the cardiac valve is structural or functionally abnormal for a variety of reasons, leading to changes in heart flow mechanics. The causes are more varied, most commonly rheumatism heart disease. In the past, when rheumatism was not effectively controlled, inflammation affected the heart valves, especially the dioceses and the aortic valves, resulting in the mucous, thickening, deforming, narrow or closing of the valves. For example, many patients who live in less hygienic areas and who have had rheumatism and fever often suffer from heart valve disease after many years. The incidence of rheumatism heart disease has decreased as living standards and medical conditions have improved, but other factors have led to a gradual increase in heart valve disease. Degenerative pathologies in old age are another important cause of heart valve disease. As the age rises, the tissue composition of the heart valve changes, the valve is calcified, rigid and reduced, affecting the normal opening of the valve. Like old doors and windows, wear and deformed after many years of use leads to inflexibility of switches. In addition, congenital heart disease patients may have suffered from heart valve development abnormalities from birth, such as the deflation of the diaphragm and the aortic deformity of the aorta. There are other factors, such as infective endometriitis, bacteria breeding on the valves and destroying the valve structure; cardiac disease and the valves, which cause the valves to suffer from functional impairment; and certain drugs or radiotherapy may cause damage to the valves. Clinical performance of cardiac valve disease is closely related to the type and extent of valve damage. When the valve is narrow, the heart needs to overcome greater resistance to pump the blood out, and the patient suffers from labour respiratory difficulties, i.e. post-motion agitation and breathing, because the heart is unable to meet the body ‘ s need for oxygen during exercise. In serious cases, even in a state of rest, it is difficult to breathe, even in the evenings, and it is impossible to lay down and need to sit and breathe. Symptoms such as cough and cedium may also be associated, as a result of lung silt. For example, patients with a narrow secondary petal, whose blood flow into the left heart chamber was blocked, increased pressure in the left heart chamber, which led to higher pressure on the pulmonary veins and pulmonary pulmonary vasculars, causing lung silt and oedema. If the valve is not fully closed, the blood flow is reversed and the heart burden is increased. Patients may feel convulsive, self-conscious or strong, as the heart is trying to make up for haemodynamic anomalies caused by reverse flow. As the condition progresses, all-body symptoms, such as inactivity and fatigue, are associated with reduced heart pump function and inadequate blood supply for body organs. Inadequate long-term valve closure may also lead to heart expansion, which in turn causes heart failure, with appearances such as edema, abdominal and chest water. For example, the aortic valves are closed to incomplete patients, the blood is reversed back to the left ventricular in the scalable aorta, and the left heart chamber is being expanded, resulting in heart failure. Diagnosis of cardiac valve disease requires a combination of multiple examinations. The first is a medical examination, in which the doctor, through the heart, can hear the noises that are characteristic of the changes in the valves, which vary in their parts, nature, acousticity, direction, etc., which provide important clues to the initial diagnosis. For example, when the piping is narrow, it can be heard in the tip of the heart and in the turquoise, while the aortic valves are closed off on a regular basis in the second hearing area of the aortic valves. An electrocardiogram shows cardiac abnormalities, such as cardiac tremors, and changes that reflect a fat heart. An X-ray examination of the chest shows heart size, morphology and lung silt. The ultrasound aneurysm, which is the key diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of cardiac valve disease, provides a clear view of the morphology, structure, movement of the valves, an accurate measurement of the area of the valves, the reverse flow, etc., and provides a detailed basis for the assessment of the condition and the development of the treatment programme. In some complex cases, there may also be a need for MRI or catheter examination to further clarify the extent and extent of the disease. The treatment of cardiac valve disease depends on the type, extent and overall condition of the disease. Patients suffering from mild and non-symptomatic valve disease may be suspended from special treatment, but regular follow-up visits are required to closely observe changes in the condition, which usually take place every half to one year. At the same time, care should be taken to prevent infection, such as the preventive use of antibiotics prior to the extraction of teeth, surgery, etc., to avoid the occurrence of sexually transmitted endocrinitis; to actively treat basic diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and to control progress. When the valor disease is more than moderately altered and there are visible symptoms or heart effects, surgical treatment is considered. The procedures include, inter alia, valve repair and replanting. The respiratory is applied to certain cases of milder changes in the cortex, such as the deformation of the divalves and the incomplete closing of certain types of acoustic valves, the restoration of the normal structure and function of the valves by repairing their altered parts, and the advantages of preserving their own corrosive tissue and not requiring long-term condensation after surgery. The recapacitation process, on the other hand, removes the altered valves and replaces them with artificial valves, which are applied to patients with severe and incurable valve disease. Artificial valves are divided into mechanical and biological petals, with long service life, but the patient needs anticondensed drugs for life after the operation and risks coagulation-related complications; biopastorals do not need long-term condensed but have a relatively short useful life, usually in the range of 10-15 years, for older women who cannot withstand long-term anticondensation treatment or who have reproductive needs. In recent years, as medical technology continues to develop, the interventional treatment of the heart valve in the catheters has grown. This micro-initiative treatment, which transfers the specially made valves through the vascular route for replacement or repair in the pathological area, does not require a chest surgery, has the advantage of small trauma, recovery, etc., and provides new treatment options for patients of advanced age, high risk or who cannot withstand traditional surgery. People with heart valves also need to manage themselves in their daily lives. The principle of low-salt and low-fat diet should be followed in diet, and water intake should be controlled in order to avoid increased heart burden. Motivated sports, where appropriate to their own circumstances, such as walking, Tai Chi boxing, etc., are used to improve their health, while avoiding overwork and intense sports. Maintain a good mentality and avoid emotional and emotional stress, as emotional volatility can increase the heart burden, induce heart disorder or heart failure. Cardiac valve disease is a type of disease that seriously affects the functioning of the heart, but it is effective in controlling the development of the condition, improving the quality of life and life expectancy of the patient through early diagnosis, reasonable treatment and self-management of the patient. Today, as medicine progresses, we have more means to protect these “portals” of the heart, so that the heart of the patient can continue to beat in good health and provide a source of momentum for life.
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