Hepatic cancer, a common and challenging malignant tumour worldwide, poses a serious threat to human health. Knowledge of liver cancer is essential for the prevention, early detection and effective treatment of the disease.
First, the symptoms of liver cancer. As the situation progresses, the following symptoms may occur: Right upper abdominal pain is a more common manifestation, most of which is continuous insinuation, swelling or stinging; the liver is swollen and can be swollen to the right upper abdomen, which can touch the hard mass of the body; the whole body is characterized by symptoms such as weakness, wasting, abdominal decline, etc.; ostrich symptoms, manifested in skin and membrane yellow dyes, with increased urine colours, due to tumour pressure on the larvae or damage to liver cells leading to chlamin metabolic abnormalities; and the possibility of abdominal water, abdominal swelling, associated with abdominal swelling and respiratory difficulties. In addition, some of the patients have fever symptoms, mostly low heat, temperature at around 37.5°C – 38°C, which may be caused by cancer tissue failure and absorption.
The incidence of liver cancer is the result of a combination of multiple factors. Hepatitis viral is one of the major contributing factors, of which hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are the most critical. Long-term viral infections can lead to chronic liver inflammation and repeated damage to, and repair of, liver cells, which in turn increases the risk of cancer. Hepatitis cirrhosis is also an important risk factor for liver cancer, and hepatitis cirrhosis due to various causes, such as alcohol cirrhosis and hepatitis B cirrhosis, can develop into liver cancer. A large amount of alcohol can cause alcohol hepatitis, further developing into cirrhosis and even liver cancer. In addition, ingestion of food contaminated with aflatoxin, such as moldy peanuts, maize, can damage the DNA of liver cells and induce cancer. The risk of liver cancer is also increased by certain hereditary liver diseases, such as genetic hematoma, alpha-1 anti-insulin deficiency.
Diagnosis of liver cancer In blood tests, seroprotein (AFP) is an important tumour marker, and the diagnosis of liver cancer is of high reference value, but it is not absolutely unique, and some hepatitis and cirrhosis patients may also experience an AFP rise. Visual screening plays a key role in making ultrasound easy to detect swelling in the liver and to make an initial determination of its size, location, etc. The enhancement of CT and MRI shows more clearly the morphology of the tumor, the blood supply and the relationship with the surrounding tissue, and helps in the accurate diagnosis and clinical phasing. In cases of suspected cases, hepato-psychiatric tests are sometimes required, as well as pathological examinations of liver tissues, which are the gold criteria for the detection of liver cancer, which determine the type of tumour, degree of decomposition, etc., and provide the basis for the development of follow-up treatment programmes.
The treatment of liver cancer is varied and needs to be considered in the light of the tumours, the patient’s state of health, etc. Surgery is the main treatment for early liver cancer, including partial hepatomy and liver transplants. Hepatectomy is applied to patients with tumour limitations and better liver function, for root treatment purposes, through the removal of tumour tissues and some of the surrounding liver tissues; liver transplants are applied to patients with severe impairment of liver function or cirrhosis of co-hepatic cancer, but the shortage of the supply liver limits its wide application. Local digestive treatment is also a common means, such as radio-frequency digestion, microwave digestion, etc., where thermal energy or refrigeration is used to cause the tumour tissue to die and is applied to patients with smaller tumours, who are unfit for surgical removal or who are physically unable to withstand surgery. In the case of mid- and late-stage liver cancer, intervention such as cathetic artery pulsation (TACE) can provide blood artery by embolising tumours, while local injections of chemotherapy are used to control tumor growth. In addition, target-oriented therapeutic drugs such as Solafeni and Pendenny can play a role in targeting specific target points for tumour cells, inhibiting tumour vascular formation and cytogenization and providing some survival benefits for late-stage liver cancer patients. In recent years, some progress has also been made in the area of immunotherapy, which is used to attack tumour cells by activation of the patient ‘ s own immune system. At the same time, Chinese medicine also has some support in the treatment of liver cancer, which can help to strengthen the positive, improve the symptoms, and reduce the side effects of leachate.
Prevention of liver cancer is important. Hepatitis B vaccination is an effective measure against hepatitis B virus infection and can significantly reduce the incidence of hepatitis B-related liver cancer. In the case of persons with hepatitis B virus and persons with hepatitis C, active antiviral treatment should be provided, the replicability of the virus should be suppressed and hepatitis damage reduced. Avoiding chronic alcohol consumption and reducing the risk of alcohol hepatitis. Pay attention to dietary hygiene, avoiding the consumption of moldy foods and preventing aflatoxin ingestion. For high-risk groups such as the family history of liver cancer, screening for liver cancer, including serum AFP tests, liver ultrasound tests, etc., is carried out on a regular basis in order to detect changes at an early stage and to provide timely treatment. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, such as balanced diet, adequate exercise, regularity, etc., helps to improve body immunity and reduce the risk of liver cancer. Liver cancer is a serious threat to life ‘ s health, but with a better understanding of its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment and prevention, we can be more vigilant in our daily lives and take active and effective measures to prevent the occurrence of liver cancer, as well as early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment for persons with liver cancer, thus increasing the effectiveness of treatment and the quality of life and extending the life span.
Liver cancer
