How does high blood sugar damage the kidneys?

The kidneys, as important filtration and excretion organs of the human body, are essential for the stability of the physical environment. However, high blood sugar can cause gradual kidney damage.1. The initial effect of high blood seepage on the kidneys: high blood seepage when blood sugar rises. When the blood flows through the kidney, this high permeability increases the filtering pressure of the kidney ball. The main function of the kidney ball is to filter the blood, filtering metabolic waste and excess water out into the urine while retaining useful elements in the blood, such as proteins. However, under high osmosis pressure caused by high blood sugar, the renal ball is under pressure beyond normal range, which can affect its filtering function in the long term. Substances such as proteins that could not have been filtered through kidney balls may have started to seep, one of the early manifestations of kidney damage. 2. Damage to kidney cells by oxidizing stress: High blood sugar causes oxidizing stress within the kidney. High blood sugar conditions contribute to large amounts of free radicals in the body, which are highly oxidized and cause damage to various components of kidney cells. The head of the membrane, whose integrity has been destroyed, causes an anomaly in the exchange of materials within and outside the cell, which leads to a malfunction in the cell function. At the same time, the energy supply centre of the cell is reduced by the ability of the mitochondrial to produce energy following a free-base attack. These changes have resulted in normal metabolism and non-maintenance of kidney cells, as well as inhibition of kidney self-repair, further exacerbating kidney damage. 3. Multi-ethanol route activation of kidney damage: High blood sugar activates polyol route. In this case, a large amount of glucose is converted into pear ol through polyols in kidney cells. Pyreol accumulates in kidney cells, causing cell oedema. Cell edema can exert pressure on surrounding cells, affect their normal functioning and change the internal environment of the kidneys. At the same time, this leads to an abnormal renal vascular constriction function, a reduction in blood injections in the kidney, and further impairment of the renal function in the kidneys in an ischaemic oxygen state. 4. Renal microvascular disease and its consequences: long-term high blood sugar can seriously damage kidney microvasculars. The kidney microvascular network is responsible for the transportation of nutrients and oxygen for kidney tissues. High blood sugar can damage micro-vascular inner-skin cells, making the vascular wall rough and thicker. As a result, substances such as lipids in blood can easily be deposited on the vascular wall, forming a blood clot and clogged microvascular. The renal tissue is not provided with sufficient blood after the renal microvascular congestion, and its functional units are dying as a result of lack of nutrition and oxygen, and the kidney function is reduced. 5. A vicious circle of deterioration of kidney function: with the continued accumulation of the above-mentioned damage, the kidney function has gradually deteriorated. There is a decrease in the filtration of kidney balls and more metabolic waste cannot be released in time to accumulate in the body. These metabolic wastes further increase the kidney burden and form a vicious circle. At the same time, the endocrine function of the kidneys can be affected, such as the reduction in erythrocytes, which can lead to anaemia; the function of the kidneys to regulate blood pressure can increase blood pressure, which in turn can further increase the damage to the kidneys. In conclusion, the damage to kidneys caused by high blood sugar is a complex and gradual process. For diabetics, the control of blood sugar is key to the protection of the kidneys in order to maintain their normal functioning and to safeguard their health.