In recent years, with the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, pancreatitis, a “disease of affluence”, has gradually entered ordinary people’s homes, and acute pancreatitis has become one of the so-called “festival diseases”. Every festival, the number of hospitalized people has doubled, and we should be alert to the arrival
of this “uninvited guest” while gathering happily.
What is acute pancreatitis?
The pancreas, located behind the stomach, is a very important part of our digestive function. Under normal circumstances, the pancreas produces pancreatic enzymes every day to help dissolve and digest food in our gastrointestinal tract. At the same time, insulin and glucagon secreted by the pancreas can maintain normal blood sugar levels. However, once the outflow of pancreatic enzymes is blocked, the pancreatic tissue itself will be digested, resulting in edema, bleeding, and even necrosis of the inflammatory reaction, that is, pancreatitis. Sour pain also followed.
The cause
of
pancreatitis
1. Diseases
of biliary tract
Cholelithiasis and biliary tract infection are the main causes of pancreatitis. Generally speaking, the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct are a pair of good friends, so good that two people wear a pair of trousers and share an opening in the pancreatic duct and bile duct in the intestinal tract. Once gallbladder stones or intrahepatic bile duct stones are discharged into their common opening and cause blockage, bile will flow back into the pancreatic duct, activating pancreatic enzymes and causing pain.
2. Overeating
Excessive diet can cause acute pancreatitis. This is not difficult to understand, overeating can also stimulate a large number of pancreatic juice and bile secretion, a large number of pancreatic juice and bile are ferocious, can not be discharged in time, is likely to “self-digestion” and cause inflammation, is really crazy to beat themselves.
3. Heavy drinking
This can lead to excessive gastric acid secretion, which in turn promotes the secretion of pancreatic enzymes. Therefore, it is absolutely unacceptable to drink a lot during the Spring Festival.
Clinical signs
of
pancreatitis.
Abdominal pain and distension
Most of them are acute epigastric or left epigastric persistent severe pain or knife-like pain, which often occurs after eating or drinking. The most prominent feature is that the pain is significant, and it is difficult to relieve after vomiting, which is also the most common manifestation
of pancreatitis.
2. Nausea and vomiting
Some patients will vomit food and bile. This symptom can also make most patients mistakenly think that they are just common gastroenteritis and do not pay attention to it, thus delaying the opportunity
of treatment.
3. Fever
Most of them are moderate fever, 38 to 39 degrees Celsius, usually 3 to 5 days, and gradually decrease with the improvement of inflammation.
4. Other symptoms
Such as water-electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders, hypotension or shock, convulsions, acute respiratory failure, pancreatic encephalopathy and so on.
Nutritional support
for
pancreatitis
Because pancreatitis is a disease that comes from the mouth, the time and manner of nutritional support therapy are particularly important in the follow-up treatment and rehabilitation process, mainly by limiting the fat and protein in the diet to reduce pancreatic secretion, so that it can fully rest and relieve pain, thus helping the pancreas repair.
1. Acute stage
In order to inhibit the secretion of pancreas and prevent intestinal flatulence, all meals should be stopped, and parenteral nutrition can be carried out according to the condition of the disease.
II. Smooth transition period
After the
acute attack period, the body temperature returns to normal, and the blood white blood cells and amylase are normal, the fluid diet can be given, which is pure sugar without fat and protein, such as rice soup, thin lotus root starch, fruit juice, vegetable juice, etc. Eat small meals, 5-6 meals per day, 100-200ml per meal. Continue to eat a low-protein and low-fat diet so as not to stimulate pancreatic secretion and induce pain.
3. Convalescence
In the early stage of
recovery, after adapting to fat-free pure sugar diet for a period of time, we can gradually increase some soft, less residue, digestible, fat-free foods, such as cooked rice porridge, fine noodles, bread, and pay attention to adequate vitamin supply. You can also gradually increase some foods with moderate protein but low fat, such as egg white, tender tofu and so on. In order to prevent recurrence, patients with acute pancreatitis should not eat high-fat foods, such as lard, nuts, fried food, fat, animal viscera, hamburgers and so on, for a long time after recovery.
Prevention
of
pancreatitis
1. Regular physical examination and attention to pancreatic health.
2. Pay attention to gallbladder health
When gallbladder or bile duct diseases are
found, they should be treated in time.
Three, eat less and eat more, avoid overeating, delicious food is good, but don’t be greedy.
4. Exercise moderately to reduce hyperlipidemia and control blood sugar.
Acute pancreatitis
