How much of the protein control is more appropriate for kidney patients?

The control of protein intake in the diet of kidney patients is one of the important measures to slow down the deterioration of kidney function. The control of protein intake needs to be determined by the type of kidney disease, the period, the overall condition of the patient and the existence of complications. The following is a detailed explanation of protein control for kidney patients:Renal functional consideration in stagesEarly renal disease (CKD 1-2): In the early stages of kidney disease, protein intake usually does not need to be strictly limited, but it should be maintained at appropriate levels of high-quality protein intake. General recommended intake is 0.8-1.0 g/kg bw/day.Mid-term kidney disease (CKD 3-4): As renal function declines, protein intake may need to be reduced appropriately. The recommended intake is usually 0.6-0.8 g/kg bw/day.Late kidney disease (CKD 5): In patients with advanced kidney disease or dialysis, protein intake needs to be more stringently controlled, usually recommended at 0.6-0.8 g/kg bw/day, or even lower in some cases.Specific recommendations on protein intakeIndividualization: The recommended values for protein intake are a range, adjusted for individualisation of the patient ‘ s age, weight, nutritional status and residual kidney function.High-quality proteins: The recommended proteins should be high-quality proteins, such as meat, fish, eggs and dairy products, which contain complete essential amino acids.Restriction of plant proteins: For some patients, there may be a need to limit the ingestion of plant proteins, such as pulses, because plant proteins are less complete than animal proteins and plant proteins contain higher phosphorus.Monitoring and control of protein intakeNutritionian advice: When adjusting protein intake, nutritionists should be consulted to develop a detailed diet plan.Food label reading: Learning to read food labels to understand protein content in food in order to better control intake.Dietary records: A dietary log to help monitor and control daily protein intake.Periodic examinations: monitoring of kidney function and nutritional status through blood and urine tests and adjustment of protein intake based on the results of the examinations.Potential risk of protein intakeMalnutrition: Excessive restrictions on protein intake can lead to malnutrition and increase the risk of infection and other complications.Muscle loss: Inadequate protein intake may result in reduced muscle mass and affect quality of life.ConclusionsThe aim of protein control for kidney patients is to reduce the kidney burden while ensuring adequate nutritional intake. Appropriate protein intakes should be determined on a patient-specific basis, usually within 0.6-1.0 g/kg bw/day. In adjusting protein intake, the following principles should be observed:Individualization: adapted to the specific circumstances of the patient.Nutritional balance: ensure adequate energy and nutrient intake to avoid malnutrition.Professional guidance: dietary adjustment under the guidance of a doctor and a nutritionist.Ongoing monitoring: periodic monitoring of kidney function and nutritional status and timely adjustment of diet plans.Through reasonable protein intake control, kidney patients can effectively slow down kidney deterioration and improve the quality of life.