How to improve the nutritional status of patients with mid- and late-stage malignant neoplasms The White Cloud Hospital of the 2nd Central Hospital of Guangdong Province, Sqinghua I, patients with neoplasms need more nutritional support The neoplasms are a multi-stemporal, metabolic and lifestyle-related disease which, according to epidemiological findings, have changed significantly over the last 30 years, with a high incidence of stomach cancer due to inadequate meat intake 30 years ago, but the incidence of colon cancer now exceeds that of stomach cancer, especially in the developed regions, which is second only to lung and breast cancer, and third highest. At the same time, 1/2 tumours were found to be related to the daily diet and nutrition, and the digestive tract tumours were more closely related to the diet. Through proper nutrition, 30% – 50% of tumours can be prevented by adjusting eating habits and changing lifestyles. The new concept of malnutrition includes both undernutrition and overnutrition. The relationship between malnutrition and tumours has two dimensions: the first is that people who suffer from malnutrition are more likely to have tumours, and the second is that people who are overweight (undernourished), over-obese (overnourished) are vulnerable to tumours, which is consistent with the Chinese doctor ‘ s theory of the balance of the sun. Its mechanisms cover various aspects such as immunisation imbalances and metabolic disorders; second, patients on tumours are more likely to suffer from malnutrition, which is reflected in undernutrition, i.e. wasting and loss of weight. The mechanism is the effect of the tumor itself on the appetite of the patient and the disruption of the treatment against the tumor. According to the data, as many as 50 per cent of oncological patients were suffering from malnutrition at the time of their first diagnosis. More than 15,000 cases of malnourishment among patients admitted to hospital for malignant tumours have been investigated by the Specialized Committee for Tumour Nutrition and Support of the Chinese Society against Cancer: the prevalence of malnutrition in the country is as high as 67 per cent, and the majority of patients have more or less protein deficiencies in the middle and late stages. As a result of the combination of anaemia, the short duration of life, the insatiability of patients for free-of-charge, chemotherapy and surgical and target treatment, the greater number of complications or side-effects of treatment, and the fact that most of the tumour cells are undernourished and not sensitive to tumour treatment, patients with tumours are more in need of nutritional support, which should be a special treatment, independent of surgical, chemical, radiotherapy, biotherapy, palliative care, target-oriented treatment, immunotherapy treatment, etc., and should be the core part of the multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment of tumours and the most essential and necessary treatments for tumour patients. Nutritional treatment of tumours in patients at the end of tumour can significantly prolong the patient ‘ s life and improve the patient ‘ s state of survival. The nutrition of patients on tumours has been improved in eight directions. As a rule, patients can improve their nutritional status in the following ways: Oncology diagnosis and post-treatment overweight or obese pre-pregnantly underweight patients are worse because of more difficult tumour control, higher tumour risk and easier combination of other diseases such as cardiovascular disease and increased diabetes. Skinting is also a negative factor, and a gradual or non-subjective reduction in body weight (e.g., diet, diet, loss of weight, exercise) is a re-emergence of tumours, a transfer, an important sign of progress and a poor warning for patients on tumours who experience a rapid loss of body weight. Epidemiological studies have found that limiting caloric intake can lead to longer life, that tumours can be prevented for healthy people and that tumours can be prolonged for patients. Limiting caloric intake can affect the organism from a variety of mechanisms, such as reducing oxidation damage, increasing cell decay and affecting metabolic enzyme functions, reducing blood sugar and insulin levels, while enhancing self-absorbing capacity and some DNA repair processes, thus combating metabolicly related diseases such as obesity, high blood pressure, high blood resin, fat liver, diabetes, etc. These metabolic diseases are inextricably linked to the development of tumours. Three, select the right protein, and we often eat a variety of meats that are divided into red and white according to the color of the raw meat (before cooked) (the chicken chest and the chicken leg shows white, but still falls within the red meat range, while the salmon are the opposite). Research has found that red meat can increase the incidence of multiple tumours, whereas white meat does not. We need to eat less red meat and processed meat. Animal meat contains high-quality protein, better than plant protein, and we should not eat meat. White meat is recommended for re-eat, and white meat is recommended 2-4 times a week, at 50-100g (1-2T). Oncology patients should, in principle, increase their protein intake by recommending at least one or two eggs per day, 100 grams of fish meat, and the second of the patients with an elevated cholesterol without egg yolk. 4. Patients who argue for the treatment of fat without tumour stoves recommend a moderate reduction in fat intake, while patients with tumour stoves now recommend an appropriate increase in fat intake. According to the study, the risk of re-emergence of breast cancer can be reduced by 24 per cent when fat is <20 per cent of dietary energy, with more significant effects on estrogen receptor vaginal breast cancer. Massive saturated fatty acid ingestion reduces the disease-free life of prostate cancer, and single unsaturated fatty acid (n-9) increases the duration of life. N-3 fat acid improves the venom, improves the quality of life and enhances the efficacy of the leachate, thus benefiting oncological patients. Foods such as walnuts, which are rich in n-3 fatty acids, can reduce the risk and incidence of cardiovascular disease and thus the overall risk of death for oncological patients. Current recommendation: Fat should account for 20-35 per cent of energy in diet, saturated fatty acid < 10 per cent, transfat acid 0. 5. Fruits, vegetables, rich vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, good tumour prevention for the normal population, can reduce co-infections such as cardiovascular diseases, and thus increase survival. The American Cancer Institute recommends five vegetables and vegetables per day. (one vegetable equals 100 g vegetables, half a cup of vegetable juice; one fruit equals one natural unit of fruit such as an apple, a banana, an orange or half a cup of fruit juice) Cross-flower vegetables, ginger, green tea, strawberries, etc. have good anti-tumour biochemical properties. Crusades include cabbage: cabbage, cabbage, cabbage, cabbage mosses; cabbage: broccoli, broccoli, mustard blues, cabbage, styrofoam, etc.; mustards: mustards, scaffolds (heads), mustards (grains), screeches, etc.; carrots; aquatic vegetables. Deep green and yellow fruit and vegetable plants have the most abundant chemicals. 6. Increased cereal intake includes (large, small, dark, oats) wheat, (large, yellow), corn, sorghum, sorghum, etc. They contain rich fibres, micronutrients and plant chemicals such as polyphenols, thallene (muco) and wood. Plant chemicals show good anti-tumour generation in laboratory studies, and they either prevent the occurrence of tumours alone or, more likely, in combination. Since micronutrients are severely damaged in the processing of whole grains, such as vitamin E, which is reduced by 92 per cent in the processing of coarse grains, it is inappropriate to process grains, promote obscenity and food. Pure vegetarians are not good for oncological patients, and the promotion of a combination of enzymes; In daily life, the ratio of vegetarians to herds is recommended at 70%: 30% – 80%: 20%. The prevention of bacterial contamination of food is the first food safety requirement for tumour patients. This is particularly important during the period of medical immunosuppression caused by free and chemotherapy. The patient, as well as the food processor, including family members, must comply with food safety standards to reduce the risk of food-borne diseases. These food safety norms include: careful hand washing before meals and before food preparation; careful cleaning of articles; separation of raw food from ready food, which must be thoroughly cleaned of any articles that are exposed to raw meat such as fish, poultry and eggs; preservation of the remaining foods at low temperatures (<4 C); ensuring clean drinking water in the home and recommending the use of filters; food at reasonable temperatures to avoid the burning of digestive mucous membranes; food processing methods that recommend microwave stoves and air vapours, do not recommend water cooking, roasting, frying, and frying, as cooking destroys large amounts of water soluble nutrients, high temperature roasting, and frying produces large amounts of harmful or carcinogenic chemicals, such as benzene and benzene. Persons on tumours must, for any reason, receive professional nutritional support, including oral and intestine nutritional supplementation, if their intake is reduced and their normal nutritional needs and health weight are not maintained. Oral nutrition supplementation is a partial replacement of daily foods with high energy density foods or intestinal nutrients, or as a supplement to inadequate diets to supplement the gap between daily dietary intake and target needs. A small number of meals is recommended to reduce the fluid. High energy density foods include peanuts, butter, dried fruit, cheese, yoghurt, eggs, cereals, beans, etc. When daily ingestion and oral supplementation are still insufficient to meet the body ' s needs, it is recommended that supplementary intestine support treatment be provided to supplement the inadequate part of the diet and intestine. Some intestinal nutrients are significant for patients with advanced tumours who have severe diabolical side effects during treatment and who cannot eat properly. In general, the daily nutrition of patients with tumours plays a very important role in the treatment and preparation of patients.
Malignant neoplasm of digestive organs
