HPV Visibility of infection: prevention begins at source

The human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is of great concern in today ‘ s society, as it is closely related to many diseases, such as cervical cancer. Understanding the path of infection in the HPV is of the utmost importance for the prevention of HPV infection and associated diseases. I. Sexual transmission: The main route of HPV infection Sexual exposure is the most important mode of HPV transmission. During sexual activity, HPV can be transmitted by contact between skin and skin, mucous membranes and mucous membranes. Whether traditional vaginal intercourse or other forms of sexual conduct, such as anal, oral, etc., there is a risk of HPV transmission as long as there is contact with sexual organs. When one of the parties is infected with HPV, the virus may be found in the skin or mucous membrane of the genital organs, around the anal, mouth, etc. In sexual activity, these virus particles are likely to spread to the same part of the other party, especially when the sexual organs are suffering from minor decomposition or inflammation, and HPV is more likely to enter human cells and create infection. For example, in a number of studies, HPV infection rates are relatively high among sexually active people with more sexual partners. Young women are also at increased risk of infection with HPV because of their early sexual initiation and their low focus on protection measures in sexual activity. II. Close contact with transmission: In addition to sexual transmission, close contact can lead to HPV infection. This close contact includes, but is not limited to, intimate behaviour in daily life, such as sharing towels, towels, toilet mattresses, tubs, etc. While HPV is relatively weak in in vitro environments, in some humid, warm environments, such as bathrooms, viruses may survive for some time. When healthy people use HPV-contaminated articles, HPV may enter the human body if there are tiny cuts or cracks in the skin or mucous membranes. For example, in some households or public places, the dissemination of HPV may be provided by poor sanitation and incomplete cleaning of common goods. However, the relative transmission of HPV infection as a result of this close contact is less likely but cannot be ignored. Vertical transmission of mother-to-child: Special means of infection Vertical transmission of mother-to-child is another means of HPV infection, mainly in the case of pregnant women. If a pregnant woman is infected with HPV during pregnancy, the virus may be transmitted to the foetus through placenta, sheep water, etc., or during childbirth, the foetus is exposed to mother-octres containing HPV during delivery. This vertical mother-to-child transmission of new-born HPV infections may cause pathological changes in the infant ‘ s respiratory tract, mouth, throat, etc. Although the incidence of vertical mother-to-child transmission is low, pregnant women infected with HPV need to pay close attention to the health status of the foetus and be monitored and treated accordingly under the guidance of a doctor. Medical transmission: rare but present risks Medical transmission refers to the infection of a patient with HPV during the medical process, due to incomplete sterilization of medical devices and improper handling of medical personnel. For example, during medical operations such as gynaecology, childbirth and surgery, the virus may be transmitted to other patients if the medical devices used are contaminated by HPV and not severely sterilized. In addition, in the course of treatment or care for HPV infected persons, health-care personnel may also be infected if they fail to provide personal protection measures before being transmitted to other patients. However, as medical technology continues to develop and medical norms are becoming more sophisticated, the incidence of transmission from sources is already very low, but medical institutions still need to give high priority to the sterilization of medical devices and the training of medical personnel to ensure medical safety. The HPV path to infection is multifaceted, and sexual transmission is the most important route. In order to prevent HPV infection, we should promote healthy and safe sexual behaviour, such as the correct use of condoms, the reduction of the number of sexual partners and the postponement of the first sexual age. At the same time, attention should be paid to hygiene, avoiding the sharing of potentially contaminated items and enhancing the management of sanitation in public places. In the case of pregnant women, care and testing during pregnancy should be done to detect and treat HPV infections in a timely manner. Medical institutions are also required to comply strictly with medical protocols to prevent the transmission of medical sources. Only a multifaceted approach can effectively reduce the incidence of HPV infection and protect people ‘ s health.