If a skull fracture had already occurred, what should the family do?

If, unfortunately, a skull fracture occurs, the following measures can be taken as family members:Field first aid phase1. Keep the respiratory tract open1. When a person is found to have a skull fracture, if he or she is not aware of it, he or she shall be given a one-sided head. Because a fracture of the skull may lead to a leak in the brain ‘ s spine, the patient may vomit, and a head bias can prevent the blocking of respiratory tracts, such as oral secretions, vomiting and so forth, from suffocating. For example, if the patient is lying flat, the secretions or vomits can easily reverse to the trachea, cause coughing and even suffocation, and allow the liquids to flow naturally from one side of the head.2. In the event of the discovery of a visible alien in the mouth of the patient, such as blood clots, sluice, etc., the alien may be carefully removed from his or her finger or thongs of gauze, while ensuring his or her own safety (such as wearing gloves). The movement shall be soft, so as to avoid damage to the oral mucous membrane or further push of the alien into the respiratory tract.2. Addressing brain leaks1. If the patient has a human ear or nose leak, it is clear to the family that no external ear or nose cavity can be blocked. This is due to the fact that brain vertebrate fluid flow is a mode of depressure, and that the vertebrate fluid is a good culture for bacteria and congestion increases the risk of intracranial infections. Clean, soft cotton balls can be placed by the mouth of the ear or nostrils to allow the brain spinal fluid to flow naturally and to replace immersed cotton balls in time for local cleaning. At the same time, patients are advised to avoid, to the extent possible, such actions as coughing, sneezing or snorting, as they may raise the internal pressure of the skull, lead to an increase in the leakage of the brain vertebrate or cause reverse infections.3. Avoid excessive head movement1. Minimize the head of mobile patients while waiting for the arrival of first aid personnel. Because over-movement of the head may exacerbate fracture damage to brain tissue or lead to fracture debris displacement. If it is necessary to move the patient, e.g. to move the patient from a dangerous area to a safe area, to keep the patient ‘ s head, neck and body on a straight line and avoid distortion. People can work together to move patients in a lateral manner.Hospital treatment phaseProviding information on patients1. Provide doctors with detailed information on the patient ‘ s medical history, including whether there are chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and heart disease, whether there has been a history of head injury in the past and whether there is an allergy to certain drugs. This information can help doctors to obtain a fuller picture of the patient and to develop more appropriate treatment programmes.2. Cooperation with examinations and treatment1. When the doctor arranges for the patient to undergo various examinations, such as head CT, MRI, etc., the family shall assist the medical staff in bringing the patient safely to the examination room. In the course of the examination, the patient is assisted to maintain the correct examination position, as instructed by the medical staff.2. If the patient is in need of hospitalization, the family shall be aware of the hospital ‘ s visiting requirements and shall visit the patient within a specified time period. During visits, patients are encouraged to cooperate actively with the treatment, to give positive news to families and friends and to help them maintain a good mindset.3. Attention to patients ‘ emotions and needs1. During hospitalization, patients may experience emotional fluctuations, such as anxiety, fear, irritation, etc., for fear of illness, pain, etc. Families must be more supportive, patiently listen to their feelings and give emotional support. For example, it is possible to hold the patient ‘ s hand and comfort the patient with a gentle tone, informing him that his condition will gradually improve.2. To know the needs of patients during their stay, such as the need for food and food. The reasonable needs of the patient are met to the extent that they meet the doctor ‘ s requirements.Rehabilitation phase1. Rehabilitation assistance training1. To assist patients in rehabilitation training on the recommendation of a doctor. In the early stages, rehabilitation training may be simpler, such as physical activity in bed. Family members may guide and assist patients in the limb stretching exercise, each time and intensity of the training, at the request of a doctor.2. As the patient ‘ s condition improves, rehabilitation training may become more difficult and intense, such as sit-in and balanced training, walking training, etc. Family members are to be protected from falling. For example, when a patient is being trained on foot, family members can support the patient and gradually restore the patient ‘ s mobility.2. Attention to rehabilitation and complications1. To observe closely the physical condition of the patient during his or her rehabilitation, including whether there has been a headache, a relapse of dizziness and an increase in physical activity disorders. If anomalies are detected, the doctor is informed in a timely manner.2. To prevent complications, such as prolonged bedtime, which can lead to scabies, lung infections, etc. Family members are required to assist patients to return on a regular basis, to encourage them to breathe deep and cough, to keep their skin clean and dry, etc., in order to reduce complications.It is hoped that, through the implementation of the above-mentioned measures, patients with fractured skulls will have a good lead.