In the area of public health awareness, there is an error: immunoglobins are a substitute for vaccines to prevent infection. This misperception has led some people to make the wrong choices in preventing disease, affecting their own health and the health protection of the public.
Immunoprotein is a protein produced by the human immune system that identifies and integrates specific pathogens or toxins, thus helping the body to resist infection. For example, when humans are infected with the Hepatitis B virus, hepatitis B immunoprotein is produced in the body, which can be rapidly combined with the Hepatitis B virus, preventing further intrusion of the virus into the liver cell and reducing the risk of infection to some extent. However, the effect of immunoglobins is reactive, instantaneous and of short duration. It is used primarily as an emergency protection measure when the human body is already exposed to pathogens or is at a high risk of infection, such as the disruption of the mother-to-child transmission of the hepatitis B virus.
The mechanism of the vaccine is different. Vaccines stimulate the human immune system ‘ s active immunisation response, including the generation of specific antibodies, the activation of immunosuppressive cells and the formation of immunosuppressive memory, by introducing detoxification or detoxification pathogens, parts of pathogens or specific antigens into the human body. In the case of a new coronary vaccine, whether a live vaccine, an MRNA vaccine or a gland virus vector, the human immune system “knows” the characteristics of a new coronary virus, so that, in the future, it is possible to initiate a rapid and effective immune defence mechanism that will produce a large number of specific antibodies and immunosers to fight the virus, prevent the occurrence of infection and, to some extent, reduce the severity of post-infection symptoms. This immunization protection is proactive and long-term and can provide the human body with a sustained defence against specific pathogens.
The short half-life of immunoglobin in the body in terms of immunisation duration is expected to decrease significantly in general after a few weeks, with protection reduced until it disappeared. For example, tetanus immunoglobins usually have an effective protection time of approximately 2 – 3 weeks after injection. The immunological memory induced by vaccination can last for months or even years. For example, after vaccination against measles in childhood, long-term immunization protection is generally available and, while the level of antibodies may decrease over time, when re-exposed to the measles virus, immune memory cells can be activated quickly and a large number of antibodies can be created quickly to protect against the virus.
In terms of the range of disease prevention, immunoglobins can only provide limited protection against specific known pathogens or toxins. For example, hepatitis B immunoglobin can only prevent Hepatitis B virus infection and not other viruses such as influenza virus, new coronary virus, etc. Vaccines, on the other hand, can be developed and applied to a wide range of infectious diseases, ranging from common influenza and measles vaccines to new and emerging canopy vaccines, and through a wide-ranging vaccination programme, can create immune barriers to a wide range of infectious diseases among the population.
In addition, from a public health point of view, there are a number of problems that can be faced by relying on immunoprotein as an alternative to vaccines to prevent infection. The preparation of immuno-protein needs to be drawn from a large number of plasma sources, with relatively limited sources and high costs, to meet large-scale population prevention needs. Vaccines, on the other hand, can be produced through industrialization, providing prevention services to a wide range of people in a relatively efficient and low-cost manner, and can contribute to large-scale global immunization campaigns to control the spread of infectious diseases.
Immunoglobins and vaccines have a very different nature and function in preventing infection, and immunoglobins are no substitute for vaccines. We should properly understand the role of both, follow the science-based prevention strategy, actively inoculate and, if necessary, use immunoglobins rationally, in order to build a comprehensive and effective system of personal and public health protection against infectious diseases.
