In-depth knowledge of key care points during anaesthesia surgery
The period of anaesthesia is the period after which the patient has decided to undergo treatment, including the period before, during and after the operation. For patients, scientific care is required at different stages of anaesthesia surgery, which is essential for safe operation and post-operative rehabilitation, and the following is a key point of care for the general population during anaesthesia. Pre-surgery care points Assessment of patient’s health The pre-surgery patient should provide a more comprehensive medical history, including pre-surgery, allergies, drug use, etc., followed by a full physical examination to assess the current CPR and kidney function and nutritional status in order to ascertain the patient’s degree of resistance to anesthesia and surgery. Psychological care Many patients are nervous, anxious and afraid before the operation, and families and health-care providers should listen to their concerns, provide psychological support and comfort. Patients also need to be aware of the surgical and anaesthesia process and to identify the circumstances that may arise, which may in part reduce psychological stress. The various types of surgery and anaesthesia can have different degrees of impact on the patient’s gastrointestinal tract, and in order to avoid back-flowing misuse during anaesthesia, it is necessary to prepare the patient for the gastrointestinal tract, such as pre-operative fasting, water restraint, etc., so as to reduce the stomach content and the probability of gastrointestinal discomfort. Respiratory preparation For patients with long-term history of smoking or respiratory disease, they need to quit smoking for some time before the operation and undergo training in deep breathing and effective coughing to improve lung function and reduce post-operative lung complications. Skin preparation The patient is required to clean and sterilize the skin in order to prevent the infection of hemorrhoids, pain, etc. on the part of the operation. During the operation, vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, body temperature, blood oxygen saturation, etc. are continuously monitored, and anomalies are detected and treated. The site should ensure that the tube intubation or other ventilation equipment is in the correct position to prevent the transfer or jamming of the catheters in the operation, thereby affecting the patient ‘ s normal breathing. Based on the different needs of the operation, the doctor should ensure that the patient remains in the right position, making the operation easier and preventing the occurrence of adverse conditions such as scabies and neurological damage. In the wake of anaesthesia, families are required to observe closely the patient’s consciousness, breathing, cycling, etc., and to ensure that the patient’s breathing is smooth and that if there is a secretion in the mouth and respiratory tract, it should be cleaned up in time. In the event of a patient ‘ s anxiety, i.e. he/she has a temperament, cold war, etc., he/she is given a prompt feedback to the physician to take appropriate measures. The post-operative part of the patient is insufferable and can assess the extent of the patient’s pain and, based on the assessment of the pain, be given appropriate pain relief measures, such as medical pain, physical pain, etc. After the respiratory care procedure, the patient is advised to take a deep breath and cough, etc., and the family should help the patient to return to his or her back on a regular basis and to facilitate the discharge of the sap to prevent lung infections. Pipeline care The operation should be followed by a proper fixation of various fluids, such as urine tubes, stomach tubes, fluids, etc., and keep the pipe open and observe the colour, volume and nature of the fluid. After an operation, the gastrointestinal function will gradually be restored, and families can start feeding from the current and gradually transition to the semi-stream and universal. Active care recommends early de-bed activity for patients, which promotes blood circulation and gastrointestinal function restoration and prevents complications such as deep vein sembolism. Family members should closely monitor the occurrence of complications such as post-operative haemorrhage, infection, vomiting and, if abnormalities are detected, inform the doctor to deal with them. In general, scientific care during an anaesthesia is a systematic and detailed process, requiring tripartite cooperation between patients, family members and health-care providers to avoid, as far as possible, adverse reactions and to promote physical recovery as soon as possible.
