Incidence of the tumor
The main causes of tumours are the following: Alcoholic: chronic alcohol consumption increases the risk of liver and stomach cancer, and alcohol and its metabolic products damage tissue cells such as liver and stomach mucous membranes. • Unhealthy diet: high sugar, high fat, high salt diets, and long-term consumption of pickled, smoked, molded foods, such as nitrite in pickled foods that can be converted to carcinogen nitrazine, which can cause stomach cancer, etc. • Lack of exercise: insufficient physical activity leads to obesity, which is associated with multiple cancers, such as uterine and breast cancer, while the immune capacity of the organism may be affected by lack of exercise. Environmental factors: Chemical carcinogens such as benzene, formaldehyde, asbestos, etc. Long-term exposure to these substances can lead to leukaemia, lung cancer, mesothelioma, etc., e.g., prolonged exposure to formaldehyde by refurbishers and increased risk of cancer. • Radioactive substances: Cases such as nuclear radiation, medical radiation tests or over-treatment can cause thyroid cancer, leukemia, etc., such as the marked increase in thyroid cancer in the surrounding area following the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Contaminated air, water, soil: Contaminants such as PM2.5 in air, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and harmful substances such as heavy metals in contaminated water sources can contribute to tumours. • Virus infections: e.g., human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cervical, anal, etc.; Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is related to liver cancer; EB virus is related to nasal, lymphoma. • Bacteria infections: fungus fungus infections can lead to stomach cancer, lymphoma, etc. Phytopathic infections: e.g. testicular infections can increase the risk of cholesterol cancer. • Genetic factors: Some tumours have a clear family genetic orientation, such as genetic breast cancer, ovarian cancer syndrome, and there are associated genetic mutations in the family, with a significant increase in the risk of similar tumours among their relatives. However, genetic factors do not work alone and tend to influence the occurrence of tumours in conjunction with other factors. Occupational factors: Certain occupational groups are at higher risk of tumours due to long-term exposure to specific harmful substances. Coal miners, for example, are prone to dust and lungs, which may lead to lung cancer; asbestos workers are at greater risk of mesothelioma. • Hormonal factors: Certain hormonal anomalies may also be associated with tumours. For example, high estrogen levels may be associated with the occurrence of breast cancer, uterine membrane cancer, increased risk of morbidity when drugs containing estrogens are used for long periods of time or when endocrine disorders occur. The long road to the fight against tumours requires not only constant and in-depth research by medical scientists and the development of more and more effective treatments, but also the concerted efforts of society as a whole. The Government should invest more in oncological research and promote the progress of medical research; medical institutions should improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of oncology and provide better medical care to patients; and the public should develop good living habits, enhance self-health awareness, minimize the effects of tumour-induced factors and reduce the risk of tumours. Only then can we achieve greater victory in this difficult struggle against tumours, freeing more patients from the shadow of tumours and reaccepting healthy lives.
