Invisible Killer – Tetanus
A particular infection – tetanus – can occur in our production, in our lives, with rusty iron nails, contaminated sharp instrument cuts, severe trauma, etc. Tetanus is an acute and traumaticly related specific infection caused by tectonic tetanus. In the bacterium family, the tetanus fungus is anaerobic, i.e., living in an aerobic environment, which is distributed in the natural world in a sprouts state, especially in soil, and is highly adaptable to the environment and impurable to boil. If the wound is deep and small, there is a dead tissue in the wound, blood clots are overstretched or overstretched, local ischaemic blood, etc., or if there is a combination of aerobic bacterial contamination that consumes the oxygen left in the wound, creating an aerobic deficiency environment suitable for the growth and reproduction of the tetanus poxus, which increases the risk of tetanus.
Tetanus pistols can produce large amounts of extratoxins, and the bacterial and extoxins do not cause significant acute inflammation changes in local wounds, such as swelling, heat pain, etc., and may even heal the wounds. It gives us the illusion that the wound is so long. In fact, tetanus can be a hidden killer of human health. Tetanus incubation is generally 7-8 days, 24 hours short, months and years for the elderly, and less so. Tetanus injuries to humans are mainly convulsive toxins in foreign toxins. The increased excitement of the spasm toxin, which removes the motor neurons of the human body from central inhibition, is manifested in typical symptoms such as “problem with mouth”, “smuggling face”.
Tetanus is an acute specific infection in surgical infections, which, although a serious disease with high mortality rates, can be prevented. Prevention measures include:
1. Treatment of wounds: Timely and correct treatment of wounds is key to the prevention of tetanus. The wounds should be washed immediately with water and soap and disinfected with appropriate disinfectant. Of all the injuries, particular attention should be paid to the serious firearms injuries contaminated, open fractures, external injuries to the blind tube, small but deep wooden or rusty stab wounds, small but deep burns, etc., and to the hospital as soon as possible for a professional rehabilitation. In the course of the treatment of the wound, the openness of the wound and the avoidance of anaerobic conditions will help prevent the growth of the tetanus stomosis. Active immunisation: Before humans are exposed to tetanus, voluntary injection of tetanus toxoid can produce a significant body of antibodies, thus providing more sustained immunity. The 100-day-breaking vaccine included in our children’s plan immunization is a form of active immunization. However, this immunity is not life-long, and it can be maintained for 10 years and should be increased every 5 to 10 years thereafter.
3 Passive immunisation: means rapid neutralisation of tetanus toxoids by injection of tetanus antitoxin (TAT) or tetanus immune protein (TIG) after injury, thus avoiding tetanus. Tetanus has an incubation period and early injection is preventive, and in principle the earlier TAT is effective. It is generally recommended that TAT be injected to the hospital within 24 hours of the injury. Some of the wounded were over 24 hours old, and TAT was still protective. However, the impact of tetanus prevention will diminish over time, with a relatively small impact over two weeks. The longer the tetanus incubation period, the lighter the symptoms after the onset of the disease, the more than two weeks generally exclude the possibility of disease and do not require vaccination. Antitoxic serum TAT is susceptible to sensitization, which must be preceded by an in-skin sensitive experiment, and those who are allergic should be injected by de-sensitization method or directly by tetanus immune protein (TIG). The best current passive immunization is TIG, with one-off injections remaining in the human body for four to five weeks and 10 times more effective than tetanus toxoid (TT).
4 Antibiotic applications: Penicillin is preferred to inhibit the growth of tetanus pox. Penicillin allergies can choose the anti-aerobic drugs Metrazine, Otrazine, etc. If the wound is mixed, anti-bacterial drugs are selected accordingly.
In short, tetanus is preventable. The first is that the injured person should give high priority to timely access to the hospital, and that the doctor should correctly assess the injuries and the early post-injury thoroughness, which can be avoided through a medical connection.
