Breast cancer is one of the diseases that seriously endanger the physical and mental health and life of female friends. Mastering the symptoms of breast cancer is of great significance for prevention and timely treatment. Symptom: 1, bump: It is the first symptom of breast cancer. It is reported that most of the masses are located in the upper outer quadrant, followed by the upper inner and nipple-areola area, and less in the lower part. The masses vary in size, ranging from 2 to 3 cm in size, mostly single and occasionally multiple. Most of the masses are round or oval, the boundary is not clear, generally induration, and the activity is poor. 2. Pain: Most breast cancer patients lack pain symptoms. Breast cancer is less likely to be detected early because of less pain. Pain is often manifested as breast tingling, distending pain or dull pain, such as peri-cancerous cystic hyperplasia of the breast can also occur periodic pain. 3. Breast skin changes: Breast tissue is surrounded by superficial fascia under the skin, and the deep and superficial fascia are connected by Cooper ligament. Because the superficial fascia is connected with the skin, when breast cancer invades the Cooper ligament between the breasts and shortens it, it will pull the skin and make the local skin sunken, like dimples, which is called “dimple sign”. In addition, the direct adhesion of tumors to the skin may also cause this situation. The dimple sign can appear in the early stage of breast cancer, and it is more obvious when the arm of the affected side moves up and down. 4, change of mammary gland contour: When bump is bigger, mammary gland can have local apophysis, mammary gland increases. When the tumor involves the skin or pectoral muscles, it can harden the breast. When the patient is sitting upright, the breast on the affected side can be raised. Breast cancer is one of the diseases that seriously endanger the physical and mental health and life of female friends. Mastering the symptoms of breast cancer is of great significance for prevention and timely treatment. Symptom: 1, bump: It is the first symptom of breast cancer. It is reported that most of the masses are located in the upper outer quadrant, followed by the upper inner and nipple-areola area, and less in the lower part. The masses vary in size, ranging from 2 to 3 cm in size, mostly single and occasionally multiple. Most of the masses are round or oval, the boundary is not clear, generally induration, and the activity is poor. 2. Pain: Most breast cancer patients lack pain symptoms. Breast cancer is less likely to be detected early because of less pain. Pain is often manifested as breast tingling, distending pain or dull pain, such as peri-cancerous cystic hyperplasia of the breast can also occur periodic pain. 3. Breast skin changes: Breast tissue is surrounded by superficial fascia under the skin, and the deep and superficial fascia are connected by Cooper ligament. Because the superficial fascia is connected with the skin, when breast cancer invades the Cooper ligament between the breasts and shortens it, it will pull the skin and make the local skin sunken, like dimples, which is called “dimple sign”. In addition, the direct adhesion of tumors to the skin may also cause this situation. The dimple sign can appear in the early stage of breast cancer, and it is more obvious when the arm of the affected side moves up and down. 4, change of mammary gland contour: When bump is bigger, mammary gland can have local apophysis, mammary gland increases. When the tumor involves the skin or pectoral muscles, it can harden the breast. When the patient is sitting upright, the breast on the affected side can be raised. Breast cancer staging should be combined with the diameter of the tumor, axillary lymph node metastasis, and whether the patient has distant metastasis. If the tumor is less than 2 cm and there is no axillary lymph node metastasis, it should belong to stage I; if the tumor is between 2 and 5 cm and there is axillary lymph node metastasis but no fusion, it should belong to stage II; if the tumor is more than 5 cm and there is axillary lymph node metastasis and fusion, it should belong to stage III; If the tumor is larger or even inflammatory breast cancer, with distant metastasis, it is stage IV breast cancer. Pathological staging of breast cancer should be combined with immunohistochemistry, that is, the results of molecular typing to determine the next treatment plan. If er is positive, Pr is negative, and Her2 is negative, endocrine therapy is generally considered, if triple negative breast cancer generally needs to consider chemotherapy, but the overall effect is not very good, if er and pr are negative, and HER2 is positive. Breast cancer patients should pay attention to the following aspects in their daily life: 1. Maintain a good psychological state: Breast cancer patients need to face the disease positively and maintain an optimistic and positive attitude. Regular review and follow-up: Patients should be reviewed regularly to understand the changes of breast cancer in time, and get the doctor’s advice and guidance in the follow-up after treatment. Strengthen physical exercise: Proper exercise can enhance physical fitness, improve immunity, help to recover and prevent the recurrence of disease. It is suggested to choose a suitable way of exercise, such as walking, jogging, yoga, etc., but avoid strenuous exercise and overwork. Follow medical supervision and take medicine regularly: Breast cancer treatment often requires adjuvant drugs or chemotherapy, and taking medicine regularly is important to control tumor growth and spread. At the same time, if there are side effects or discomfort of drugs, they should report to the doctor in time, and adjust or change the drugs. Dietary nutrition: Patients should pay attention to dietary nutrition, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, eat less fried, pickled, high-fat food. At the same time, we should avoid eating foods containing estrogen, such as honey, royal jelly and so on. Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol: Patients who smoke and drink alcohol have a higher risk of death than those who do not smoke or drink alcohol, so breast cancer patients should avoid smoking and drinking alcohol. Weight control: Obesity is a high risk factor for breast cancer, so patients should control their weight and maintain a healthy body mass index (BMI no more than 25). To sum up, breast cancer patients need to pay attention to psychological adjustment, regular examination, moderate exercise, reasonable diet, medication in accordance with medical supervision and so on. Through these measures, we can help patients better manage their diseases and improve their chances of recovery and quality of life.
Breast cancer
