Antibiotics are one of the most important drugs in the clinical treatment of respiratory medicine. They play a key role in combating respiratory infections, but they also face challenges and considerations.
Respiratory diseases cover a wide range of microorganisms, ranging from common upper respiratory infections such as oscillitis, tonsilitis, bronchitis and pneumonia in the lower respiratory tract, and include bacteria, viruses, chlamydia, etc. Antibiotics are used primarily for bacterial infections, and accurate diagnosis of the type of infection is the first step in the rational use of antibiotics. For example, most common colds are caused by viruses, at which point the use of antibiotics is not only ineffective but can also cause adverse reactions and the emergence of bacterial resistance. For bacterial pneumonia, such as pneumocococcal pneumonia, timely application of sensitive antibiotics can significantly improve patient prognosis.
Among the many types of antibiotics, the use of β-neamide antibiotics is widespread in the respiratory internals. Like penicillin, it has the advantage of high fungicide and low toxicity. However, some patients may be allergic to it and may have an allergy shock in serious cases, so it is essential to ask for details of the allergies and to have a skin test before they are used. Head bacterium is another major commonly used type of β-neamide antibiotic that has a broad spectrum of antibacterials that is effective for a wide range of respiratory pathogens, with different generations focusing on antibacterial activity and on specific bacteria.
Great cyclic ester antibiotics such as Archicin, roacin, etc. have significant effects on respiratory infections caused by atypical pathogens such as chlamydia and chlamydia. They also have a certain level of anti-inflammation and immunosuppressive control, which can also be assisted in the treatment of some chronic respiratory diseases. However, the long-term or unreasonable use of macrocyclic ester-based antibiotics can lead to adverse effects such as gastrointestinal reaction, liver function impairment and a risk of bacterial resistance.
Fluonone-like antibiotics such as left-oxen fluoride, Mossa, have the advantage of a wide spectrum of antibacterials, high tissue concentrations and good oral bioavailability, which can be used to treat bacterial infections in various respiratory tracts and some specific pathogens. However, in recent years, with the widespread use of this type of drug, drug resistance has increased, while it may have adverse effects on the bone development of young people, limiting its use among specific populations.
The rational use of antibiotics is also reflected in the choice of dose, course of treatment and route of delivery. Inadequate doses can lead to treatment failures and increased bacterial resistance, while excessive doses can exacerbate adverse effects. In general, oral, easy and economical drugs can be used for mild infections, while moderately severe infections may require intravenous drugs to ensure rapid and effective concentrations. In terms of treatment, depending on the severity of the infection, the type of pathogen and the individual circumstances of the patient, there is usually a need to consolidate the treatment for a period of time after the patient ‘ s symptoms have disappeared, the body temperature is normal and the laboratory indicators have returned to normal, in order to completely remove the pathogens, but it is not appropriate to be too long to prevent complications such as double infections.
Antibiotics occupy a significant place in respiratory internal therapy. Medical personnel must constantly improve their own professional skills, based on accurate diagnosis, taking into account a combination of the individual differences of the patient, the antibacterial spectrum of the drug, the physicokinetic characteristics of the drug and adverse reactions, and the accurate and rational use of antibiotics in order to minimize the production of bacterial resistance while effectively treating respiratory infections, to ensure the safe and effective use of the patient ‘ s medication and to provide strong support for clinical treatment of respiratory diseases.
