Intestinal surgery is at a higher risk of surgical oral infection due to the presence of a large number of bacteria in the intestinal tract. The following are some methods of preventing intestinal incision:
i. Pre-operative preparation
The patient ‘ s state of health is adjusted: before the operation, the patient ‘ s nutritional status should be actively improved. For example, in cases of malnutrition, low-protein haematosis and anaemia can be corrected through oral nutritional supplements or intestine and intestine nutritional support to enhance the body ‘ s immunity. Good nutrition helps to heal post-operative wounds and reduces the likelihood of infection. At the same time, in order to control the basic diseases of patients, such as diabetes, blood sugar should be kept within a reasonable range prior to the operation, and the general abdominal sugar should be maintained around 7 – 8mmol/L, which reduces the risk of bacteria growing in high sugar conditions.
Intestine preparation: intestinal preparation is a key component before intestinal surgery. Traditional intestinal preparation methods include oral laxatives, such as a combination polyethanol electrolyte dispersion. It cleans the intestinal tract and reduces the residues of intestinal faeces, thereby reducing the number of intestinal bacteria. Usually taken in the afternoon of the day before the operation, a suitable solution is made in accordance with the instructions, which allows the patient to drink for a certain period of time for the purpose of cleaning the intestinal tract. At the same time, antibiotics that are not absorbed in the oral intestinal tract, such as Quintachocin, can be administered three times the day before, which can inhibit the growth of grenacella in the intestinal tract, further reduce the amount of bacteria in the intestinal tract and reduce the risk of surgical oral infections.
II. STRENGTHENING MEASURES
Environmental control of operating theatres: It is essential to maintain clean and good air quality in operating theatres. The operating theatre shall perform regular maintenance and testing of the air purification system, which shall strictly control the movement of persons and minimize the amount of dust and microorganisms in the operating room. For example, air cleanness in the operating room requires a level of 100 or 1,000, which effectively reduces the risk of bacteria falling in the air at the surgical cut.
The principle of sterile operation is strictly enforced: the surgical team must strictly adhere to sterile operating norms. From hand brushing, wearing surgical clothing, gloves, to sterilization of surgical instruments, no link can be removed. Surgical devices generally use high-pressure vapour sterilization, a reliable method of sterilization that can kill all microorganisms, including sprouts. During the operation, surgical instruments should be placed on a sterile table to avoid contamination. The equipment should be replaced as soon as contamination is found.
Optimization of surgical techniques: Surgeons should minimize the length of the operation, as the longer it takes, the longer the surgical cut is exposed to air and bacterial environments, the higher the risk of infection. For example, skilled surgeons act with precision, speed, etc., to reduce tissue damage and bleeding. At the same time, in the treatment of the intestinal tract, care is taken to protect the incision and to avoid the spilling of contaminated intestine contents. In the event of a spill of intestinal content during the procedure, the poaching of the mouth with a large quantity of physio-saline water and the replacement of contaminated surgical towels and instruments should take place immediately.
III. Post-operative care
Incision care: Clean and dry after surgery. In general, the cut is covered with sterile dressing, regular replacement of the dressing, and observation of seepage, seepage, etc. In the case of edema, increased pain or abnormally severed circulants found in the mouth, treatment such as bacterial training and drug-sensitization tests for the use of specific antibiotics should be carried out in a timely manner.
Diploscope management: Some intestinal patients will be placed with a trachea, such as a cavity catheter. (b) The flow pipes should be properly fixed to prevent them from moving or falling, to keep them smooth and to avoid the flow flow of fluids. Lead fluids are a good culture of bacteria, increasing the risk of incision infection once the current is reversed. At the same time, in order to observe the colour, volume and nature of the fluid, the timely removal of the tube may be considered when the fluid is significantly reduced and of a normal nature.
Reasonable use of antibiotics: post-operative use of antibiotics should be strictly marked. The general preventive use of antibiotics is sufficient 24 – 48 hours after the operation and is not suitable for long-term use unless there are clear signs of infection. Because overuse of antibiotics leads to the production of drug-resistant bacteria, it makes infection control more difficult. Also, during the use of antibiotics, sensitive antibiotics should be selected for treatment based on bacterial development and drug sensitivity tests.
