Acute polio is a sudden-onset polio disease that can rapidly affect the functioning of the spinal cord and lead to a series of serious neurotic symptoms. This disorder usually manifests itself in a combination of mild muscle incompetence to total paralysis, and may even affect the autonomous nervous system, leading to disorders in basic physiological functions such as blood pressure and body temperature regulation. Patients may experience sensory loss, muscle incompetence or paralysis, as well as functional impairments of the autonomous nervous system, which can rapidly deteriorate in a short period of time and pose great inconveniences and challenges to their lives.
i. Epidemic principles: The principles of acute polio are related to wrongful attacks by the immune system on spinal organizations. When the organism is invaded by specific pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, etc., the immune system activates response mechanisms in an attempt to remove these external invaders. In some cases, however, the immune system may wrongly view normal tissues of the spinal cord as an external threat, thereby launching attacks, causing inflammation and organizational damage. This self-immunization response may be the result of a combination of genetic, environmental or both. Infective dissipation is also an important cause of morbidity, i.e., the local reproduction and release of certain toxins and enzymes following the penetration of the nervous system by pathogens, leading to inflammation and oedema in the surrounding nervous tissue, which in turn affects neurotransmission functions.
II. Treatment rates and treatments: The rates of acute polio treatment vary according to the severity of the disease, the timeliness of treatment and the overall health status of the patient. Treatment consists mainly of medication and supportive treatment. In the area of drug treatment, cortical steroids are the preferred treatment, and they can be effective in reducing the inflammatory response to polio and thus the symptoms. Intravenous immunoglobins and immunosuppressants may also be used in some cases to help control the abnormal response of the immune system. Supportive treatment, in turn, includes physiotherapy and occupational therapy, which helps the patient to rebuild his/her muscle strength and co-ordination in the process of rehabilitation and to improve self-care in daily life. Treatment of disorders is also an important part of the treatment process, which involves the use of a variety of drugs to alleviate pain, control spasms and other uncomfortable symptoms. During the acute period, patients may need to be hospitalized in order to receive timely medical intervention, with close monitoring by a professional medical team, to ensure stability and prevent further deterioration.
Prevention: Measures to prevent acute polio include, among other things, maintaining good hygiene practices, such as hand-washing and avoiding exposure to the source of the infection, which help reduce the risk of infection. Secondly, increased immunity is also an important part of the prevention of acute polio, including a balanced diet, adequate exercise and adequate sleep. In addition, patients with their own immunological diseases receive regular medical examinations and, under the guidance of a doctor, regular treatment to reduce the risk of acute polio. Finally, active treatment and rehabilitation for patients diagnosed as acute polio can be effective in reducing relapse and complications.
IV. Summary: Acute polio is a serious neurological disease, but we can better respond to it by understanding its causes, its cure rates, its treatments and its preventive measures. Active access to treatment and rehabilitation is critical for patients diagnosed as acute polio. At the same time, we should increase our awareness of prevention and reduce the risk of disease by maintaining good habits and immunity. Through these comprehensive measures, we can provide better support to patients, help them to recover their health and regain the quality of their lives.
