Breast cancer, as the number one enemy of women’s health in the world, the change of its incidence has attracted much attention. In recent years, the incidence of breast cancer has shown certain characteristics and trends worldwide, especially in China, its impact is particularly significant.
According to the latest global cancer burden report released by the who International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 2022, the number of new cancer cases in the world reached 19.97 million in 2022, including more than 2.3 million cases of breast cancer and 670000 deaths. Breast cancer is not only the highest incidence of cancer among women in the world, but also one of the highest mortality cancers, so it is known as the “pink killer”.
In China, the incidence of breast cancer is also high. In 2022, the number of new morbidity of breast cancer in China reached 357 thousand, and the number of deaths was 75 thousand. This data shows that breast cancer is still an important cancer threatening the health of Chinese women. According to Liu Qiang, deputy director of Yixian Breast Tumor Hospital, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, the lifetime prevalence of breast cancer among Chinese women has reached 1/20-1/30, that is, one out of every 20-30 people may suffer from breast cancer, and the prevalence of urban women is higher than that of rural women.
It is worth noting that in recent years, the incidence of breast cancer in China has shown a younger trend. Traditionally, the age of high incidence of breast cancer is 45-55 years old, but in recent years, more and more young women are also facing the threat of breast cancer. Therefore, we must be alert to breast cancer patients under 30 years old in clinic, so as to achieve early diagnosis and treatment. The reasons for the increase in the incidence of breast cancer are related to many factors, including heredity, hormone levels, lifestyle and so on. Mammary gland is the target cell of many endocrine hormones, such as estrogen, progesterone and prolactin, among which estrogen and estradiol are directly related to the morbidity of breast cancer. Some familial genetic disorders can increase the risk of morbidity of breast cancer. In addition, bad living habits, such as staying up late for a long time, irregular diet and lack of exercise, may also increase the risk of breast cancer. Screening and Prevention of Breast Cancer In order to reduce the incidence and mortality of breast cancer, screening and prevention are very important. Early detection and accurate diagnosis of breast cancer are the key links, and breast self-examination and specialist medical examination are essential for early detection and treatment of breast cancer. The Work Program for Breast Cancer Screening issued by the General Office of the National Health Commission recommends that free breast cancer screening be carried out for women aged 35-64, with an average of one screening every 2-3 years. Screening methods include palpation and breast X-ray examination. In addition, measures to prevent breast cancer are also essential. Balanced nutrition intake, avoiding long-term repeated eating of certain foods, avoiding overeating, controlling alcohol consumption, quitting smoking, proper intake of foods containing vitamin A, C, E and cellulose, avoiding eating moldy foods, avoiding excessive sunshine, avoiding overwork and keeping the body clean are all effective ways to prevent breast cancer. Breast Cancer Treatment and Survival Rate With the continuous progress of medical technology, the treatment methods of breast cancer are increasingly diversified. Common treatments include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and targeted therapy. The five-year survival rate of early treatment of breast cancer can be as high as 83%. Globally, the five-year survival rate of breast cancer has reached 95%, and the five-year survival rate of breast cancer patients in China is as high as 83.2%. Conclusion In conclusion, the incidence of breast cancer is increasing worldwide, especially in China, where the incidence and mortality remain high. In order to reduce the incidence and mortality of breast cancer, it is necessary to strengthen screening and prevention, and improve women’s health awareness and self-care ability. At the same time, we need to constantly promote the progress and innovation of medical technology to provide more effective and personalized treatment for breast cancer patients.
