Carcinoma pain is a common and serious symptom of cancer patients, which greatly affects their quality of life. Multi-modal anesthesia management provides a more comprehensive and effective approach to the control of carcinogenic pain, integrating a variety of pain techniques and drugs, with the aim of improving the pain effects, reducing adverse effects and improving the comfort and quality of life of patients.
I. Characteristics and effects of carcinogenic pain
(1) Pain characteristics
Carcinogenic pain is complex and diverse, including various types of body pain, internal and mental pain. Body pains are usually expressed in clearly defined pains or blunt pains, such as those caused by bone transfer; internal pains are vaguely positioned and often accompanied by autonomous neurotic symptoms such as nausea and vomiting; and psychotic rational pains have the effect of burning, electroshocking or needle stinging, such as those caused by tumours. Moreover, most of the canceral pain is of a continuing nature and may increase as the disease progresses.
(2) Impact on patients
Severe carcinogenic pain not only inflicts physical pain but also psychological problems, such as anxiety, depression, insomnia, etc., which seriously affects the quality of life of the patients and their dependence on treatment. Long-term pain can also reduce the functional functioning of patients and affect the implementation and effectiveness of anti-oncological treatment.
II. Strategies for multi-modal anesthesia management
(1) Drug treatment
Opioids
Opioids are the core drugs for the treatment of carcinogenic pains, such as morphine and oxycodone. They are active as pain relief through opioid receptors that function in the central nervous system. For moderately severe cancer pain, the appropriate formulation and dose can be selected according to the patient ‘ s pain level. However, long-term use can give rise to adverse reactions such as constipation, nausea, vomiting and respiratory inhibition, requiring close attention and active prevention.
2. Inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
The NSAIDs can inhibit the synthesis of prostates in the body and reduce inflammation and pain. It is more effective for mild cancer pain or for use in combination with opioids for moderate cancer pain. Common drugs include Broven, salaried, etc. However, NSAIDs may have adverse effects such as gastrointestinal haemorrhage and damage to liver and kidney function, especially when used at long-term large doses.
3. Assisted painkillers
Auxiliary analgesics, such as Gabaheddin, Pribalin, etc., can be used for psychotic rational pain. These drugs regulate ion channels in the neurological membrane and reduce the symptoms of rational pain in a neurosis. In addition, three-ring antidepressants (e.g. Amitilin) and anti-convulsive drugs (e.g. Camassipin) can also be used to relieve carcinogenic pain, especially for patients with pain or emotional disorders associated with neurological damage.
(2) Interference pain and relief technology
1. Neural retardation
The appropriate neuro-disturbance method is selected on the basis of pain and neural distribution. For example, abdominal neurological blockage can be performed for abdominal pain; for lower limb cancer, a hip or sciatic neurosis can be considered, etc. Neural retardation can effectively relieve local pain and reduce doses and adverse effects of whole-body medications by local injection of anaesthesia or neurodestructive drugs, and by blocking the transmission of pain signals.
2. Inner vertebrate pain
This includes excretion of the diaphragm and pain in the acne. The continuous infusion of opioids or local anesthesia through the implantation of catheters in the vertebrates can provide good pain relief to patients with extensive pain or lower body pain. This approach allows drugs to more directly function in the central nervous system ‘ s pain transfer route, but requires rigorous sterile operations and close post-operative management to prevent complications such as infection, diversion of catheters, etc.
III. ELEMENTS FOR IMPLEMENTING MULTIZED ANATIC ADJUSTMENT MANAGEMENT
(1) Individualized assessment and programming
A comprehensive pain assessment is carried out for each cancer patient, including the type, intensity, frequency of onset, location, impact on quality of life and physical, psychological, etc. Based on the results of the assessment, an individualized multi-modal pain-alleviation programme was developed to ensure its safety and effectiveness.
(2) Dynamic adjustment and monitoring
The pain relief of patients, the adverse effects of drugs and vital signs are closely monitored during the process. In the light of patient feedback and monitoring results, a timely and dynamic adjustment of pain reduction programmes, such as increases and decreases in the dose of drugs, changes in the type of drugs or adjustments in parameters for interventional pain relief techniques.
The multi-modal anesthesia management of carcinogenic pain is an integrated, individualized process. Through the rational use of medications, interventional pain control techniques, psychological support and other aids, as well as continuous assessment and adjustment, cancer patients can be provided with better pain relief, reduced suffering, improved quality of life and increased dependence on cancer treatment.
