I. What is hand and foot?
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, HFMD, is a common childhood infection caused mainly by intestinal viruses, especially the Quetzal virus and intestinal virus type 71 (EV71). The disease usually occurs among children under five years of age, but can also affect adults. The main characteristic of this is the presence of herring and ulcer in the hand, foot, mouth and mouth, accompanied by heat and cough.
II. Means of transmission of hand-and-foot oral disease
The main ways in which the disease is transmitted are through:
Direct exposure: Transmissible through contact with or exposure to the skin of the infected person (e.g. saliva, salina, herpes).
Air transport: The virus particles released by the infected person during coughing or sneezing can be inhaled by others as they are transmitted through the foam.
Indirect exposure: Spread through exposure to virally contaminated objects (e.g. toys, utensils, towels, etc.). Mother-to-child transmission: Pregnant women may transmit the virus to their newborns during childbirth.
III. Symptoms of hand-and-mouth disease
Symptoms of foot-and-mouth disease usually appear within three to seven days of infection, including:
Heat: Usually low-heat and body temperature is between 37.5 and 38.5 °C.
Oral ulcer: A small water herring appears in the mouth and breaks into an ulcer, causing pain and affecting food and drinking water.
Skin rashes: red rashes appear on the palms, toes and hips, and then develop into a herring, possibly with itching.
Illnesses in the whole body: lack of strength, reduced appetite, cough, etc.
In most cases, the symptoms of foot-and-hand oral disease are relatively minor and, after appropriate care and treatment, usually heal within 7 to 10 days.
IV. Diagnosis of hand-and-foot oral disease
The diagnosis of foot-and-hand oral disease relies mainly on clinical performance. Doctors judge on the patient ‘ s symptoms, signs and medical history. If necessary, the doctor may:
Sorrow or excrement sample testing: Laboratory tests confirm virus type.
Blood testing: testing of antibody levels to help determine infection.
At present, there is no special drug for the treatment of hand-and-foot-mouth disease, which is mainly based on support for the disease. Specific measures include:
Recalciner: for example, acetaminophenol or brofen, to help with heat and pain.
Oral care: Keep mouth clean, use warm salt water to wash mouths and mitigate discomfort caused by oral ulcer.
Supplementary water: Ensure that the patient receives sufficient liquid to prevent dehydration. Dietary adjustments: Avoid spicy, acidic and hard foods, and choose foods that are digestable, mild, such as rice congee, soup, etc.
(b) Observation of medical conditions: The patient ‘ s condition changes, such as heat, continuous vomiting and respiratory difficulties, should be monitored in a timely manner.
VI. Prevention of hand and foot oral disease
The prevention of hand-and-hand diseases is based on good hygiene practices and environmental management:
Hand-washing: especially before meals, after toilet, after contact with patients, with soap and water.
Maintenance of environmental health: regular cleaning and disinfection of children ‘ s toys, utensils and household supplies and maintenance of indoor ventilation.
Avoiding contact: Try to avoid being in close contact with people with HIV/AIDS, especially during high-prevalence periods.
Health education: awareness-raising and awareness-raising for parents and children about hand-to-mouth diseases.
Vaccination: No special effects vaccine for hand-and-foot oral disease available, but positive for intestinal virus type 71 In research and development, more effective preventive measures may be provided in the future.
Concluding remarks
Hand-to-hand oral disease is a common childhood epidemic, and although most cases are relatively minor, it still requires attention. Knowledge of the means of transmission, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of hand-and-mouth diseases helps parents to identify and treat the disease in a timely manner. At the same time, good hygiene practices and environmental management are effective measures to prevent hand-to-hand diseases. It is hoped that this will help to increase awareness of hand and foot diseases and protect the health of themselves and their families.
Foot and foot.
