In our daily lives, we face the challenge of micro-organisms, many of which cause disease. Prevention of infection is not only a specialized subject in the medical field, but also an indispensable knowledge in the life of every human being. A comprehensive presentation on the basic methods of preventing infection, the importance of hygiene practices, key points for environmental cleanness and decontamination, and how to build a physical defence barrier through increased immunity to help people effectively prevent infectious diseases in their daily lives.
I. Basic principles of prevention of infection: the primary principle of prevention of infection is to understand and practice the basic process of “separation-clean-sterilization”. Segregation, i.e. avoiding direct contact with pathogens as much as possible; cleaning, which is an effective means of removing surface stains and reducing the number of microorganisms; and disinfection, which is based on the use of chemical or physical methods to kill or remove residual pathogens.
II. Importance of hygiene practices: hand-washing: thorough cleaning of hands for at least 20 seconds using mobile water and soap, especially after meals, after touching public goods or facilities. When hands cannot be washed, hands can be cleaned with an alcohol-containing hand disinfectant. Coughing and stinging: Covering mouths and noses with paper towels or elbows to prevent the spread of foam and immediately abandoning used tissues and washing hands. Personal hygiene items: Personal effects such as towels, toothbrushes, etc., should be earmarked for personal use, avoiding cross-use and reducing the risk of disease transmission. Food hygiene: Ensure that food is fresh and that uncooked or raw food, especially seafood and meat, is avoided to prevent food poisoning. (c) Vaccination against specific diseases: In accordance with the recommendations of the local health sector, timely vaccination against influenza, hepatitis B, etc.
III. Environmental clean-up and decontamination: clean-up of homes: regular cleaning of rooms to keep the floor, desktop and furniture clean. Use a wet cloth to wipe and avoid dusting. Kitchen and toilet: these are bacterial and virus-prone areas that require special attention. Kitchen kits should be cleaned and dryed in a timely manner and toilet toilets, hand-washing pools, etc. should be regularly disinfected. Ventilating air for air: maintain indoor air flow, regularly open windows for air, and reduce the accumulation of viruses and bacteria in enclosed space. (a) Public places: in densely populated places such as supermarkets and public transport, to wear masks to the extent possible, to reduce touching of public facilities and to wash hands immediately upon return home.
IV. Increased immunity and natural defence: a balanced diet: sufficient proteins, vitamins, minerals and dietary fibres to ensure nutritional balance and contribute to physical resistance. Aerobics, such as walking, swimming, yoga, etc., can improve body metabolism and improve immune system functionality. Sufficient sleep: guaranteed quality sleep of 7 to 9 hours per night, contributing to physical recovery and increased immunity.
Repressure relaxing: long-term mental stress weakens the immune system, so it is essential to learn to relax through meditation, deep breath and reading. To avoid tobacco and alcohol: smoking and overdrinking can damage the immune system and increase the risk of infection, and should be avoided as much as possible.
V. Additional protective measures for special periods: During the epidemic season or epidemic period, in addition to the routine preventive measures described above, more stringent protective measures are required: reduction of excursion: minimization of unnecessary gatherings and outings, especially in densely populated areas. (c) Masks: medical masks or higher protective masks in public places or when social distance cannot be maintained. Health surveillance: periodic self-monitoring of body temperature, attention to physical condition and timely medical treatment if not appropriate. Informational attention: Follow-up of official information on the epidemic and follow the guidance and recommendations of the local health sector.
Prevention of infection, from me, from the drops of everyday life. By fostering good hygiene practices, keeping the environment clean and disinfected, and increasing our own immunity, we can effectively build a solid line of defence against the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. At the same time, it is the duty and obligation of each and every one of us to remain calm and to respond scientifically in the face of outbreaks or epidemics. Let us work together and make a contribution to the health of ourselves and others.
