We will help to build a strong line of defence for a healthy life by providing comprehensive knowledge of infection prevention in terms of awareness of infection, its path, the basic principles of prevention and specific measures.
I. Awareness of infection: The infection is the process by which the pathogens (e.g. bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, etc.) post-invasive into the human body are parasitic, proliferating and cause bodily damage or functional impairment. The infection can occur in any part of the body, and the light, such as a common cold, can lead to serious illness or even death. Prevention of infection is therefore essential for the maintenance of personal and public health.
II. Paths to infection: The path to infection is varied, and includes, inter alia, direct contact with the disease: for example, through handshakes, hugs, etc. Indirect exposure to transmissible cylindricals: infected by exposure to objects contaminated by pathogens (e.g. door handles, utensils) before exposure to sensitive areas such as mouth and nose. Air-transmitting foam: Pathogens spread in the air with sneezes and other releases, and others may become infected after inhalation. Food and water transmission: Eating food contaminated with pathogens or drinking contaminated water can cause infection. Pyramid vector transmission: Some pathogens are transmitted through insect bites such as mosquitoes and fleas.
III. Basic principles for the prevention of infection: The basic principles for the prevention of infection include cutting off transmission channels, protecting vulnerable populations and increasing individual immunity. The strategy is to cut off transmission routes and reduce the presence and spread of pathogens in the environment by strengthening sanitation, hygiene and public health measures. Protection of vulnerable population groups: special protection for the elderly, children, pregnant women and those vulnerable to chronic diseases, such as vaccinations and protection from contact with infected persons. (c) Increased personal immunity: increasing physical resistance and reducing the risk of infection through balanced diet, adequate exercise and adequate sleep.
Specific measures to prevent infection 1. handwashing in personal hygiene: washing hands with soap and mobile water, especially before and after exposure to public goods, meals and toilets. Cough and spray: Cover nose and nose with paper towels or elbows to prevent the spread of foam. Spraying randomly: The glucose may contain pathogens, and excavating anywhere increases the risk of infection. (b) Personal effects, such as towels, utensils, etc., to avoid cross-use leading to infection. 2. Sanitation maintenance of indoor cleaning: regular cleaning of rooms, cleaning of dust and reduction of pathogens ‘ hiding. Ventilating air: Maintain indoor air flow, regularly open windows, and reduce pathogen concentrations. Sterilization: Regular disinfection of frequently exposed surfaces (e.g. doorknob, desktop). Food safety selects fresh food: purchase and eat fresh, non-polluted food. Full cooking: ensure that food is fully heated and kills possible pathogens. (b) Sanitary utensils: the utensils should be cleaned and disinfected to avoid cross-use. 4. Vaccination: 接种 In accordance with the vaccination programme, vaccination against influenza, hepatitis B, etc. is provided on time to improve physical immunity. • Information on vaccines: information on the type, timing and care of vaccines prior to vaccination. 5. Avoiding high-risk behaviour to reduce concentrations: minimize crowd-intensive locations during high-prevalence seasons. (b) Mask: In public places or during high outbreak, mask to reduce pathogen inhalation. Avoid exposure to wildlife: Wildlife may carry unknown pathogens and exposure should be avoided to reduce the risk of infection. 6. Increased immune balance: sufficient protein, vitamins and minerals to maintain nutritional balance. (a) Motion-appropriate motion: Aerobics, such as walking, running, swimming, etc., are carried out to enhance physical resistance. (c) Sufficient sleep: to ensure sufficient sleep time, which contributes to physical recovery and increased immunity.
Prevention of infection is an important task in the maintenance of personal and public health. By understanding the path and principles of infection and taking specific preventive measures, we can effectively reduce the risk of infection. At the same time, the Government, health-care institutions and all sectors of society should work together to strengthen the public health system and improve its capacity to respond to infection. Let us work together to build a healthy and safe living environment and enjoy a better life.
